Effect of histone deacetylase inhibitors 106 and 109 on FXN messenger RNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from unaffected individuals and patients with Friedreich ataxia. Cells were incubated in culture with 106/109 at 10 μM for 48 h prior to mRNA determinations by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, using cell number and input RNA concentration for normalization. The fold-change relative to a dimethyl sulfoxide vehicle control is shown for each data set, along with the standard error of the mean (SEM). The number of samples for each group is 15 for unaffected and 53 for patients in the 106-treated samples, and 7 for unaffected and 83 for patients in the 109-treated samples. Comparing histone deacetylase inhibitor-treated patient FXN levels to unaffected, P < .05 (*). Abbreviations: CTR,; FRDA, Friedreich ataxia.