TABLE 3.

Association between the prudent diet pattern and clinical depression, the Nurses’ Health Study 1996–2008¹

	Quintile 1	Quintile 2	Quintile 3	Quintile 4	Quintile 5	P-trend
Strict definition of depression (diagnosis and antidepressant use)
No. of events	624	623	602	575	578	—
Person-years	102,941	102,947	102,995	103,039	103,122	—
Model 1	1.00	1.00 (0.89, 1.12)	0.97 (0.87, 1.09)	0.92 (0.82, 1.04)	0.92 (0.81, 1.05)	0.11
Model 2	1.00	1.02 (0.91, 1.14)	1.00 (0.89, 1.13)	0.95 (0.84, 1.08)	0.96 (0.84, 1.10)	0.33
Model 3	1.00	1.05 (0.94, 1.18)	1.05 (0.93, 1.18)	1.02 (0.90, 1.15)	1.05 (0.91, 1.20)	0.73
Broad definition of depression (diagnosis and/or antidepressant use)
No. of events	1552	1563	1441	1426	1431	—
Person-years	102,015	102,006	102,169	102,180	102,270	—
Model 1	1.00	1.01 (0.94, 1.08)	0.93 (0.86, 1.00)	0.92 (0.85, 0.99)	0.92 (0.85, 1.00)	0.01
Model 2	1.00	1.03 (0.96, 1.11)	0.96 (0.89, 1.04)	0.95 (0.88, 1.03)	0.97 (0.89, 1.06)	0.20
Model 3	1.00	1.06 (0.98, 1.14)	1.00 (0.92, 1.08)	1.00 (0.93, 1.09)	1.04 (0.95, 1.13)	0.79

¹Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate RRs (95% CIs). Model 1 was adjusted for age (mo) and total caloric intake (continuous). Model 2 was adjusted as for model 1 and for BMI (continuous), smoking, physical activity (quintiles), menopause status, use of hormonal replacement therapy [never (reference), past, or current], marital status, caffeine (quintiles), multivitamin use (yes or no), retired (yes or no), participation in a community group or volunteering (yes or no), and reported diagnosis of cancer, high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, heart disease (myocardial infarction or angina), or diabetes. Model 3 was adjusted as for model 2 and the 5-item Mental Health Inventory at baseline (continuous). All models were adjusted for indicators of missing dietary pattern information in the years 1986–2006.