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Model of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 mediated signal transduction pathways to regulate cell survival in myocardial tissue. IRS, insulin receptor substrate; JNK, C-jun N-terminal protein kinase; MEKK, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase; NFκB, nuclear factor-κB; PI3, phosphoinositol-3; PIP, phosphoinositol-4-phosphate; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
