Table 1.

Sociodemographic characteristics and PM_2.5 indoor sources reported for households, by housing groups (n=169)

	n	Public Housing (n=98)	n	Slum (n=71)	p-value
Home variables		%		%
Age of informant a (years), Mean (SD)	98	31.1 (10.2)	71	32.5 (9.8)	0.38
Education (years) , Mean (SD)	98	8.3(2.9)	71	8.7 (2.4)	0.53
Proportion of children <15yb, Mean (SD)	98	41.4 (15.4)	71	44.3 (14.7)	0.10
Crowding index c, Mean (SD)	98	1.8(1.6)	71	2.2 (1.6)	0.11
Space used index d, Mean (SD)	98	77.6 (37.2)	71	76.9 (32.1)	0.53
Family Income <300 US	40	61.9	21	70.8	0.22
Presence of infant	52	50.9	43	41.8	0.23
PM 2.5 Indoor sources
Home heating hours	98	1.2(3.1)	71	4.1(8.9)	0.00*
Cooking hours	98	1.2(1.1)	71	1.2(1.6)	0.50
Open windows hours	98	2.1 (2.9)	71	2.9(3.0)	0.01*
Number of cigarettes
None	81	83.0	54	75.7	0.22
1-3	12	12.3	10	13.5
>3	5	4.7	8	10.8
Home heating fuel
None/electric	60	61.3	25	35.1	0.00**
Gas/kerosene	38	38.7	15	21.6
Coal/wood/waste	0	0.0	31	43.2
Difficulty with ventilation	44	45.2	32	51.4	0.42
Bathing water heating fuel
None/electric	19	19.0	29	40.3	0.00**
Gas	79	81.0	22	31.9
Coal/wood/waste	0	0.0	20	27.8
Burning trash e
Low	56	56.9	15	21.0
Medium	22	22.0	10	14.5	0.00**
High	20	21.1	46	64.5

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; Med, median; Min, minimum value; Max, maximum value.

^*Mann-Whitney test;

^**Ji² Test.

^aall informants were mothers of the child;

^bnumber of children < 15/ total resident ;

^cnumber of resident/rooms used ;

^dnumber of total rooms/ rooms used;

^eLow is Never/almost Never, Medium is sometimes, High is always/almost always.