Table 1.
Birth, Socio-demographic, and Medical Characteristics of 468 Active Infants and Mothers
| Very Low Birthweight (n = 234) | Normal Birthweight (n = 234) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal | |||
| Age in yrs (mean ± SD) | 26.0 ± 6.0 | 26.4 ± 5.2 | .3 |
| Race | |||
| Black | 158 (71.2%) | 156 (68.7%) | .57 |
| Other | 64 (28.8%) | 71 (31.3%) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic/Latino | 23 (10.9%) | 11 (5.1%) | .03* |
| Other | 189 (89.1%) | 203 (94.9%) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Single | 164 (70.7%) | 164 (70.4%) | .94 |
| Other | 68 (29.3%) | 69 (29.6%) | |
| Education | |||
| < 12 yrs | 40 (17.9%) | 40 (17.4%) | .9 |
| ≥ 12 yrs | 184 (82.1%) | 190 (82.6%) | |
| Socio-economic status (SES) | |||
| Low | 161 (72.9%) | 145 (63.3%) | .03* |
| High | 60 (27.1%) | 84 (36.7%) | |
| Smoking | |||
| Yes | 42 (19.7%) | 43 (18.7%) | .78 |
| No | 171 (80.3%) | 187 (81.3%) | |
| Para (mean ± SD) | 1.4 ± 1.5 | 2.0 ± 1.4 | < .001* |
| Infant | |||
| Gender | |||
| Male | 120 (51.3%) | 128 (54.7%) | .46 |
| Female | 114 (48.7%) | 106 (45.3%) | |
| Birthweight in gms (mean ± SD) | 1,040.4 ± 277.1 | 3,322.0 ± 409.5 | < .001* |
| Gestation age in wks (mean ± SD) | 28.2 ± 2.8 | 39.4 ± 1.1 | < .001* |
| Hospital stay in days (mean ± SD) | 71.7 ± 36.4 | 3.0 ± 1.1 | < .001* |
| Apgar at 5 min (mean ± SD) | 6.9 ± 2.1 | 8.9 ± 0.3 | < .001* |
| Apgar at 1 min (mean ± SD) | 4.9 ± 2.7 | 8.4 ± 1.0 | < .001* |
| Small for gestational age (SGA) | |||
| Yes | 50 (21.4%) | 12 (5.1%) | < .001* |
| No | 184 (78.6%) | 222 (94.9%) | |
| Mode of delivery | |||
| C-section | 140 (60.3%) | 80 (34.8%) | < .001* |
| Vaginal | 92 (39.7%) | 150 (65.2%) | |
| Oxygen use | |||
| No | 51 (22.0%) | 225 (98.7%) | < .001* |
| Yes | 181 (78.0%) | 3 (1.3%) | |
| Assisted ventilation | |||
| No | 29 (12.5%) | 223 (97.8%) | < .001* |
| Yes | 204 (87.5%) | 5 (2.2%) | |
| Hospital of birth | |||
| UH | 140 (59.8%) | 168 (71.8%) | .006* |
| Metro | 94 (40.2%) | 66 (28.2%) | |
*
Significant at p < .05.