Table 2.

CMR and CG maturity model: moving through passive, interactive, and autonomous modes.

Level 1	Level 2		Level 3	Level 4
Simple			Complex	Adaptive systems
External adverse event reporting (no use of system)		Reporting involving information from CMR	Reporting using the CMR as vehicle	Interactive reporting where CMR sends and receives information, informing user of the risks
Simple prescribing		Prescribing with limited functions (interaction checking)	“Intelligent” prescribing where CMR uses local information such as guidelines to inform prescribing decisions	“Autonomous” prescribing where system integrates internal and external information to determine optimal management
Simple audit feedback loops		Audit data compared with external data to assess performance	Audit data pooled and used to develop local benchmarks as well as population health activities	Real-time data aggregation and assessment to allow ‘just in time’ monitoring of population, during pandemics, for example
Largely External to CMR		Integrated in CMR	CMR linked to other information sources	Integrated into health system
Distributed database Isolated Linkage Integration				Interoperable data