Table 4. PCR amplification and microarray detection of alphaviruses.
PCR amplification/microarray detectiona | |||||
Virus | Strain | nsP1 | nsP4 | E1 | Mosquito speciesb |
Aura | RIID 1990 | POS/yes | POS/yes | POS/yes | n.t. |
Babanki | Ken07-46A-49 | POS/yesf | POS/yesf | POS/yesf | n.t. |
Chikungunya | INDO23574 | POS/yes | POS/yes | POS/yes | Ae. taeniorhynchus |
Getah | ROK-2.0017 | POS/yes | POS/yes | POSc/yes | n.t. |
Mayaro | TR467 | POS/yes | POS/yes | POS/yes | n.t. |
Ndumu | Ken07-332 | POS/yesd e | POS/yes | NEGd | n.t. |
Ockelbo | ISL-44 | POS/yesf | POS/yesf | POS/yesf | n.t. |
O'nyong nyong | Gulu | POS/yesg | POS/yesg | POS/yesg | n.t. |
Ross River | T-49 | POSc/yes | POSc/yes | NEG | Ae. albopictus |
Semliki Fortest | Ken07-586 | POS/yes | POS/yes | POS/yes | n.t. |
Sindbis | Ken07-611 | POS/yesf | POS/yesf | POS/yesf | Ae. aegypti |
Una | PE-1.0800 | POS/nod | POS/yes | POS/nod | n.t. |
VEE | TC83 | POS/yes | POS/yes | POS/yes | n.t. |
WEE | McMillan | POS/yes | POS/yes | POS/no | Ae. albopictus |
Viral RNA derived from cell culture or infected mosquitoes were PCR amplified using GSPs. Amplicons were analyzed using the ArboChip5.1 microarray. VEE, Venezuelan equine encephalitis; WEE, western equine encephalomyelitis; POS, positive PCR amplification; NEG, negative PCR amplification; yes, detected by microarray; no, not detected by microarray; n.t., not tested.
Viruses propagated in cell culture and identified by microarray to species unless otherwise noted.
Virus-infected mosquito used for microarray evaluations, microarray detected at least one target for each virus.
PCR amplification produced a weak visible band.
ArboChip5.1 does not include probes specific to the target.
Microarray detection with genus-level probes only.
Target was detected but could not be differentiated between BBKV, OCKV, and SINV.
Target was detected but could not be differentiated between ONNV and IOV.