Table 2. Characteristics, nutritional intake and theoretical phosphate need for 154 infants divided into 3 groups, according with their mean amino acid intake.
|
Groups (number of patients)
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LAA (48) | MAA (53) | HAA (53) | P | ||
| Characteristics | |||||
| BW (g) | mean ± SD | 1595 ± 284 | 1210 ± 295* | 1143± 332* | <0.001 |
| GA (weeks) | mean ± SD | 31.2 ± 1.4 | 29.2 ± 1.9* | 29.2± 1.6* | <0.001 |
| SGA | % | 12 | 13 | 17 | n.s. |
| Antenatal steroids | % | 89 | 74 | 83 | n.s. |
| Caesarean section | % | 76 | 77 | 85 | n.s. |
| RDS requiring surfactant | % | 66 | 83 | 85 | <0.05 |
| Oxygen dependency at 36 weeks | % | 4.3 | 13 | 19* | n.s. |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | % | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.9 | n.s. |
| Several abnormal cerebral ultrasounda | % | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.9 | n.s. |
| Mean daily nutritional intakes | |||||
| Amino acids (g/kg/d) | mean ± SD | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 0.7* | 2.3 ± 0.8*§ | <0.001 |
| Energy (Kcal/kg/d) | mean ± SD | 55 ± 21 | 58 ± 22* | 65 ± 25*§ | <0.001 |
| Calcium (mg/kg/d) | mean ± SD | 46.7 ± 13.1 | 49.3 ± 8.6 | 50.3 ± 7.7 | n.s. |
| Phosphate (mg/kg/d) | mean ± SD | 15.8 ± 13.6 | 19.9 ± 13.9 | 21.4 ± 14.6* | 0.04 |
| Enteral feeding (mL/kg/d) | mean | 39.0 | 16.5* | 11.1*§ | <0.001 |
| Theoretical calculations in phosphate intakes | |||||
| Estimated phosphate need (mg/kg/d) | mean ± SD | 20.7 ± 12.9 | 27.8 ± 12.7* | 33.2 ± 14.0*§ | <0.001 |
| Deficit of phosphate intake (mg/kg/d) | mean ± SD | 4.9 ± 13.4 | 7.9 ± 10.7* | 11.8 ± 9.6*§ | <0.001 |
LAA group: <1.5 g/kg/day of mean AA intake; MAA group: 1.5-2 g/kg/d of mean AA intake; HAA group: >2 g/kg/day of mean AA intake (BW). birth weight ; ( GA ) gestational age ; ( SGA ) Small for Gestational Age ; ( RDS ) Respiratory Distress Syndrome . a Intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3 or 4 and/or periventricular leukomalacia . *p<0.05 versus LAA group . §p<0.05 versus MAA group.