Table 1.

Characteristics of participants by condom use status at baseline

Characteristic	Total		Condom user		Non-condom user
	N	%	N	%	N	%
	1,194		432	36.2	762	63.8
Sociodemographics
Age (years)**
15–17	413	34.6	170	39.4	243	31.9
18–19	391	32.8	146	33.8	245	32.2
20–24	390	32.7	116	26.9	274	36.0
Race/ethnicity (n = 1,194)
White	133	11.1	59	13.7	74	9.7
Latina	320	26.8	105	24.3	215	28.2
African American/black	407	34.1	150	34.7	257	33.7
Asian/Pacific Islander	141	11.8	43	10.0	98	12.9
Multiracial/other	193	16.2	75	17.4	118	15.5
School and employment status (n = 1,194)
In school or employed (full or part time)	996	83.4	371	85.9	625	82.0
Not working or in school	198	16.6	61	14.1	137	18.0
Clinic site (n = 1,194)
Oakland	361	30.2	125	28.9	236	31.0
Hayward	312	26.1	120	27.8	192	25.2
Vallejo	139	11.6	49	11.3	90	11.8
Richmond	382	32	138	31.9	244	32.0
Low income neighborhood (n = 1,171)a	655	55.9	244	58.1	411	54.7
Reproductive history
Method used at last sex (n = 1,190)***
Pill	82	6.9	30	7.0	52	6.9
Patch	56	4.7	15	3.5	41	5.4
Ring	12	1.0	1	.2	11	1.4
DMPA	29	2.4	10	2.3	19	2.5
Other effective methodb	1	.8	0	0	1	.1
None/withdrawal	993	83.4	366	84.9	627	82.6
Dual method users	56	4.7	56	13	0	0
Baseline method initiated (n = 1,194)*
Pill	366	30.7	158	36.6	208	27.3
Patch	339	28.4	112	25.9	227	29.8
Ring	232	19.4	74	17.1	158	20.7
DMPA	257	21.5	88	20.4	169	22.2
Prior pregnancy (n = 1,194)***	586	49.1	165	38.2	421	55.2
Prior STI (n = 1,169)	255	21.8	83	19.7	172	23.0
Perceived STI risk in next 3 months with main partner (n = 1,194)
Not at all/a little likely/somewhat	875	73.3	314	72.7	561	73.6
Very likely	319	26.7	118	27.3	201	26.4
Partner concurrency (sex with man other than main partner) (n = 1,194)*	170	14.2	47	10.9	123	16.1
Time had sex with main partner (months) (n = 1,194)***
0–6	518	43.4	228	52.8	290	38.1
7–12	140	11.7	41	9.5	99	13.0
>12	352	29.5	97	22.5	255	33.5
No sex yet	184	15.4	66	15.3	118	15.5
Attitudes toward condom use
Reason for condom use at last sex (n = 459)c,**
Pregnancy prevention	188	41	133	37.7	55	51.9
STI/AIDS prevention	12	2.6	8	2.3	4	3.8
Both	255	55.6	211	59.8	44	41.5
Other	4	.9	1	.3	3	2.8
Main partner views of condoms (n = 1,008)d,***
Very important	307	30.5	204	56.0	103	16.0
Somewhat important	327	32.4	115	31.6	212	32.9
Not at all important	321	31.8	43	11.8	278	43.2
Don’t know	53	5.3	2	.5	51	7.9
Believes should always use condoms, even if on birth control (n = 1,187)***
Strongly agree	419	35.3	185	43.1	234	30.9
Agree	417	35.1	132	30.8	285	37.6
Neither	212	17.9	70	16.3	142	18.7
Disagree	119	10	33	7.7	86	11.3
Strongly disagree	20	1.7	9	2.1	11	1.5

DMPA = depot medroxyprogesterone; STI = sexually transmitted infection.

^*p < .05,

^**p < .01,

^***p < .001.

^aDefined as living in a zip code where the proportion of families living below the federal poverty level is greater than the national average.

^bIncludes one woman who reported using a once-monthly injectable contraceptive.

^cAsked of those who used a condom at last sex.

^dAsked only of those with a main partner.