Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic characteristics by baseline 6-minute walk test performance
| Variable | Unable to Walk | Slow Walkers | Fast Walkers | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yrs) | 84.6 (79.1–88.9) | 85.9 (81.7–88.5) | 83.6 (78.3–87.6) | 0.01 |
| Male gender | 98 (45%) | 73 (55%) | 89 (67%) | 0.0003 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.2 (22.7–30.4) | 26.0 (22.1–30.2) | 25.5 (22.8–29.0) | 0.60 |
| Transfemoral TAVI | 180 (83%) | 104 (78%) | 103 (77%) | 0.43 |
| STS Score | 11.4 (10.0–14.0) | 11.1 (9.4–14.0) | 10.5 (8.8–12.0) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 90 (41%) | 46 (35%) | 56 (42%) | 0.37 |
| Hypertension | 193 (89%) | 116 (87%) | 119 (90%) | 0.83 |
| Angina pectoris | 45 (21%) | 37 (28%) | 37 (28%) | 0.19 |
| Heart failure | 216 (99%) | 130 (98%) | 128 (96%) | 0.19 |
| NYHA Class IV | 118 (54%) | 64 (48%) | 60 (45%) | 0.23 |
| CAD | 148 (68%) | 96 (72%) | 103 (77%) | 0.15 |
| Previous PCI | 61 (28%) | 45 (34%) | 39 (29%) | 0.53 |
| Previous coronary bypass | 78 (36%) | 46 (35%) | 64 (48%) | 0.04 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 59 (29%) | 32 (26%) | 43 (34%) | 0.37 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 91 (42%) | 49 (37%) | 47 (36%) | 0.47 |
| Previous BAV | 32 (15%) | 23 (17%) | 8 (6%) | 0.01 |
| Permanent pacemaker | 37 (17%) | 37 (29%) | 25 (19%) | 0.04 |
| Renal disease | 41 (19%) | 24 (18%) | 23 (17%) | 0.94 |
| Liver disease | 5 (2%) | 1 (1%) | 8 (6%) | 0.03 |
| Oxygen-dependent COPD | 41 (19%) | 15 (11%) | 10 (8%) | 0.007 |
| AV mean gradient (mm Hg) | 41.9 (32.5–53.3) | 40.4 (33.0–51.2) | 41.3 (33.3–49.2) | 0.67 |
| AV area (EOA) (cm2) | 0.63 (0.51–0.76) | 0.63 (0.53–0.73) | 0.66 (0.56–0.79) | 0.26 |
| Ejection fraction (%) | 55.4 (44.4–61.7) | 53.0 (37.6–61.3) | 57.5 (48.5–64.4) | 0.06 |
| Severe mitral regurgitation | 3 (1%) | 6 (5%) | 6 (5%) | 0.14 |
AV = aortic valve; BAV = balloon aortic valvuloplasty; BMI = body mass index; CAD = coronary artery disease; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; EOA = effective orifice area; NYHA = New York Heart Association; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; STS = Society of Thoracic Surgery; TAVI = transcatheter aortic valve implantation.