Table 4. The mean errors and standard deviations for the automatically identified landmarks from the baselines.

Landmark	Mean error (mm)	Standard deviation (mm)	Statistical significance
S (x-axis)	0.71	3.03	0.15
S (y-axis)	0.45	0.67	0.00
N (x-axis)	0.31	3.12	0.54
N (y-axis)	0.74	2.30	0.05
Or (x-axis)	0.14	3.21	0.78
Or (y-axis)	0.80	1.70	0.01
A (x-axis)	0.60	2.85	0.19
A (y-axis)	0.26	2.58	0.53
B (x-axis)	0.94	3.30	0.08
B (y-axis)	1.35	3.46	0.02
ANS (x-axis)	3.65	2.51	0.00
ANS (y-axis)	0.02	1.92	0.95
PNS (x-axis)	0.50	1.97	0.12
PNS (y-axis)	0.72	1.85	0.02
Pog (x-axis)	0.79	2.58	0.06
Pog (y-axis)	1.13	3.80	0.07
Me (x-axis)	0.71	2.68	0.10
Me (y-axis)	0.32	3.30	0.55
Gn (x-axis)	1.64	2.98	0.00
Gn (y-axis)	1.79	3.56	0.00
U1T (x-axis)	0.45	2.37	0.24
U1T (y-axis)	0.89	2.31	0.02

A, A point; ANS, anterior nasal spine; B, B point; Gn, gnathion; Go, gonion; L1A, apex of lower first incisor; L1T, tip of lower first incisor; Me, menton; N, nasion; Or, orbitale; PNS, posterior nasal spine; Po, porion; Pog, pogonion; S, sella; U1A, apex of upper first incisor; U1T, tip of upper first incisor.