. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 19.

Published in final edited form as: Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2013 Feb 7;6(1):58–67. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.111.977264

Table 1.

Clinical Characteristics

Characteristics
Persistent/paroxysmal AF	29/7
Age, y	63±9
History of AF, mo	52 (38–110)
Left atrial diameter, mm	48±7
LVEF, %	53±15
CHADS₂ score
0 or 1	13 (36%)
≥2	23 (64%)
NYHA class
0–I	29 (81%)
II–III	7 (19%)
Comorbid conditions
Hypertension	31 (86%)
Diabetes mellitus	12 (33%)
Prior stroke/TIA	6 (17%)
Coronary disease	18 (50%)
Hypercholesterolemia	30 (86%)
Prior conventional ablation	15 (42%)
Number failing amiodarone	22 (61%)
Days since amio discontinued	365 (69–730)
Concomitant drug therapy
ACEI/ARB	21 (58%)
β-Adrenoceptor antagonists	24 (67%)
Statins	19 (53%)

Normally distributed variables are listed as mean±SD; non-normally distributed values are listed as median (interquartile range). AF indicates atrial fibrillation; ACEI/ARB, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; and TIA, transient ischemic attack.