Table 1.
Herd demographics and summary of elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus 5 (EEHV5) detection data.
| Elephant | Age (yr) | Sex | Weighta (kg) | Presenting clinical signs (date) | Dates of detectable viremiab | Peak whole blood viral loadc (date) | Peak trunk wash leveld (date) | Antiviral chemotherapy (route) | EEHV5 straine | WBg Samples tested | TWh no. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 42 | Female | 3,664 | Temporal gland swelling (2/7/2011) | 1/31/2011–3/21/2011 | 18,561 (2/10/2011) | 2,081,452 (3/14/2011) | Famciclovir (PO/PR)f2/9/11-2/21/11 | A | 36 | 33 |
| 2 | 28 | Female | 3,071 | None | None | NA | 46,000 (1/23/2011) | None | B | 27 | 23 |
| 3 | 21 | Female | 3,505 | None | 1/31/2011–3/31/2011 | 2,680 (3/7/2011) | 27,312 (3/14/2011) | None | A | 24 | 21 |
| 4 | 0.75 | Male | 518 | Temporal gland swelling (2/14/2011) | 2/14/2011–2/28/2011 | 18,518 (2/16/2011) | 33,934 (2/21/2011) | None | A | 6 | 21 |
| 5 | 0.3 | Female | 273 | None | 2/14/2011–2/28/2011 | 1,232 (2/28/2011) | 15,068 (3/14/2011) | None | A | 6 | 22 |
| 6 | 47 | Male | 5,709 | None | 3/28/2011–4/25/2011 | 1,320 (4/4/2011) | 39,176 (4/25/2011) | None | A | 33 | 21 |
| 7 | 6 | Male | 1,880 | None | 4/1/2011–5/12/2011 | 34,538 (4/21/2011) | 649,735 (5/23/2011) | None | B | 23 | 22 |
Weight in February 2011 during the beginning of EEHV5 outbreak.
Detectable EEHV5 DNA in whole blood DNA by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
Viral genome equivalents per milliliter of whole blood as determined by EEHV1 qPCR assay.
Viral genomes detected per test reaction from trunk wash DNA by real-time qPCR.
Two different EEHV5 strains were found in the herd and are provisionally designated as A and B (Fig. 2).
PO, per os; PR, per rectum. The first dose was given PO and the rest PR.
Number of whole blood samples (WB) tested for EEHV5 during the study period.
Number of trunk wash (TW) samples tested for EEHV5 during the study period.