Figure 7.

Age alters the expression and activation of key signalling proteins in the diabetic heart (A). Phosphorylation of Akt increases with age in the diabetic heart, with no further activation following IPC. White bars represent samples taken at baseline (BL), black bars represent samples taken following three cycles of IPC. Values determined by densitometry of Akt phosphorylation (Akt-P) corrected to respective α-tubulin over the relative expression of Akt-total (Akt-T) corrected to respective α-tubulin. Data are shown as mean ± SEM, n = 3 per group. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc analysis were used for statistical analysis. (B) PGC-1α expression and (C) catalase expression decreases with age in the diabetic heart. (D) Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and (E) RNS increase with age in the diabetic heart. Data are shown as mean ± SEM, n = 4 per group. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis.