Table 4.

Areas showing Diagnosis × Emotion interactions with post-hoc analyses of between-group differences in angry, fearful, and neutral expressions.

Area of Activation	Brodmann area	Side	Cluster size	Talairach coordinates			F (2, 50)	Between-group differences
				x	y	z
Anterior cingulate gyrus	24	L	149	− 4	11	32	8.42	Angry: BD<SMD⁎⁎, BD<HV⁎
Anterior cingulate gyrus	24	R	27	5	11	32	5.39	Angry: BD<SMD⁎⁎
Posterior cingulate gyrus	31	L	65	− 4	− 28	35	5.68	Angry: BD<SMD⁎, BD<HV⁎⁎ Fearful: SMD<BD⁎, SMD<HV⁎
Posterior cingulate gyrus	31	R	30	2	− 34	41	5.17	Angry: BD<HV⁎⁎, SMD<HV⁎ Fearful: BD<HV† SMD<HV⁎⁎
Posterior insula	13	L	45	− 37	− 22	14	5.19	Angry: BD<SMD⁎, BD<HV⁎ Fearful: SMD<BD⁎, SMD<HV⁎
Posterior insula	13	R	92	35	− 16	11	5.28	Angry: BD<SMD⁎⁎, BD<HV⁎⁎
Inferior parietal lobe	40	L	69	− 31	− 52	35	6.32	Angry: BD<SMD⁎, BD<HV⁎⁎ Fearful: SMD<BD†, SMD<HV⁎⁎

p < .05 (corrected).

BD = bipolar disorder, SMD = severe mood dysregulation, HV = healthy volunteer.

x,y, and z coordinates refer to the voxel with maximum signal intensity.

Note: The post-hoc analyses of angry, fearful, neutral expressions were conducted in regions identified by the primary Group × Emotion ANOVA analysis.

^†p < .10.

^⁎p < .05.

^⁎⁎p < .01.