Table 4. Frequency of HIV-1 drug-resistance mutations in ART-experienced and -naïve adult patients (≧15 years old) (n = 90) ^a .

Mutation	ART-experienced, n = 31 (%)	ART-naïve, n = 59 (%)
Any	22 (71.0)	6 (10.2)
NNRTI resistance	8 (25.8)	6 (10.2)
NRTI and NNRTI resistance	13 (41.9)	0 (0.0)
NRTI, NNRTI, and PI resistance	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
Transmitted drug resistance	Not applicable	0 (0.0)
None	9 (29.0)	53 (89.8)
NRTI-resistance mutation	14 (45.2)	0 (0.0)
A62V	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
M184V	12 (38.7)	0 (0.0)
TAMs	8 (25.8)	0 (0.0)
M41L	4 (12.9)	0 (0.0)
D67N	3 (9.7)	0 (0.0)
K70R	4 (12.9)	0 (0.0)
L210W	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
T215Y	5 (16.1)	0 (0.0)
T215F	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
K219Q	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
K219E	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
NNTRI-resistance mutation	22 (71.0)	6 (10.2)
V90I	4 (12.9)	4 (6.8)
A98G	5 (16.1)	0 (0.0)
K103N	9 (29.0)	0 (0.0)
V106I	0 (0.0)	1 (1.7)
V106A	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
V108I	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
E138A	1 (3.2)	2 (3.4)
Y181C	3 (9.7)	0 (0.0)
Y188L	2 (6.5)	0 (0.0)
G190A	2 (6.5)	0 (0.0)
P225H	3 (9.7)	0 (0.0)
M230L	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
PI-resistance major mutation	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
L90M	1 (3.2)	0 (0.0)

ART, antiretroviral therapy; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor; and TAMs, thymidine analog-associated mutations.

^aHIV-1 drug-resistance mutations were detected according to the latest definition of the International AIDS Society-USA panel [10]. For ART-naïve patients, transmitted drug resistance was defined according to the latest definition of the WHO drug-resistance surveillance [11].