Table 1.
Participant characteristics (means ± standard deviations, except for stage of sexual maturation).
| Boys (n = 118) | Girls (n = 74) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 15.14 ± 2.57 | 14.62 ± 2.78 | 0.186 |
| Stage of pubic hair (n) I/II/III/IV/V | 8/20/8/38/44 | 14/18/26/12/4 | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 166.58 ± 20.96 | 150.85 ± 37.65 | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 63.22 ± 17.46 | 54.87 ± 15.52 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg m−2) | 22.49 ± 4.98 | 23.58 ± 7.78 | 0.455 |
| WC (cm) | 71.26 ± 9.89 | 67.69 ± 9.99 | 0.016 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 118.07 ± 23.59 | 117.78 ± 10.69 | 0.106 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 68.88 ± 15.75 | 68.38 ± 9.94 | 0.464 |
| CRF (shuttles) | 78.89 ± 25.40 | 41.72 ± 15.73 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mMol L−1) | 1.66 ± 0.70 | 2.02 ± 0.78 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mMol L−1) | 1.71 ± 1.51 | 1.14 ± 1.44 | 0.013 |
| TG (mMol L−1) | 0.81 ± 0.37 | 0.86 ± 0.39 | 0.395 |
| IL-6 (pg mL−1) | 4.44 ± 8.00 | 6.91 ± 12.54 | 0.304 |
| Adiponectin (mg L−1) | 9.87 ± 5.93 | 10.19 ± 6.96 | 0.222 |
| Glucose (mMol L−1) | 4.49 ± 1.03 | 4.37 ± 1.10 | 0.456 |
| CRP (mg L−1) | 1.71 ± 2.25 | 1.95 ± 2.19 | 0.479 |
| Insulin (IU mL−1) | 6.54 ± 5.60 | 7.94 ± 5.96 | 0.052 |
| HOMA | 1.33 ± 1.45 | 1.53 ± 1.14 | 0.105 |
BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; CRF: cardiorespiratory fitness; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; IL-6: interleukin-6; CRP: C-reactive protein; HOMA: homeostasis model assessment.