Table 2.
Sociodemographic Characteristics | Sought Treatment from Medical Doctor in Past Year | Satisfaction with Treatment | Believed Treatment Helped | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bivariate | Multivariate | Bivariate | Multivariate | |||||||||||||||
N | % | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | |
Total | 431 | 247 | 72.4 | 267 | 78.3 | |||||||||||||
Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||
White (Caucasian) | 364 | 84.5 | 268 | 73.6 | 271 | 74.5 | ||||||||||||
African American | 27 | 6.26 | 17 | 63.0 | 0.018 | 0.274 | 0.945 | −0.118 | 0.482 | 0.806 | 20 | 74.1 | 0.481 | 0.631 | 0.445 | 0.339 | 0.488 | 0.486 |
Hispanic | 14 | 3.25 | 11 | 78.6 | 0.038 | 0.385 | 0.921 | −0.085 | 0.724 | 0.906 | 10 | 71.4 | −0.324 | 0.361 | 0.369 | −0.487 | 0.394 | 0.216 |
Other | 25 | 5.80 | 20 | 80.0 | −0.165 | 0.310 | 0.594 | 0.236 | 0.485 | 0.626 | 21 | 84.0 | 0.512 | 0.707 | 0.469 | 0.364 | 0.529 | 0.491 |
Gender | ||||||||||||||||||
Male | 133 | 30.9 | 90 | 67.7 | −0.183 | 0.153 | 0.231 | −0.198 | 0.171 | 0.246 | 93 | 69.9 | 0.163 | 0.186 | 0.382 | −0.189 | 0.202 | 0.348 |
Female | 299 | 69.4 | 225 | 75.3 | 228 | 76.3 | ||||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||||||||||
Low | 160 | 37.1 | 113 | 70.6 | −0.119 | 0.156 | 0.231 | −0.096 | 0.098 | 0.326 | 109 | 68.1 | −0.265 | 0.156 | 0.010 | −0.175 | 0.116 | 0.132 |
High | 271 | 62.9 | 203 | 74.9 | 211 | 77.9 | ||||||||||||
Education | ||||||||||||||||||
< = 12 years | 191 | 44.3 | 149 | 78.0 | 0.241 | 0.124 | 0.052 | 0.254 | 0.129 | 0.048 | 146 | 76.4 | 0.105 | 0.122 | 0.386 | 0.131 | 0.114 | 0.251 |
> 12 years | 241 | 55.9 | 166 | 68.9 | 174 | 72.2 | ||||||||||||
Employment | ||||||||||||||||||
employed | 267 | 61.9 | 193 | 72.3 | −0.059 | 0.115 | 0.605 | −0.045 | 0.122 | 0.707 | 198 | 74.2 | −0.021 | 0.103 | 0.841 | −0.045 | 0.105 | 0.665 |
not employed | 164 | 38.1 | 122 | 74.4 | 122 | 74.4 | ||||||||||||
Health Insurance | ||||||||||||||||||
Yes | 308 | 71.5 | 228 | 74.0 | 0.083 | 0.111 | 0.456 | 0.024 | 0.124 | 0.843 | 239 | 77.6 | 0.315 | 0.122 | 0.009 | 0.265 | 0.158 | 0.094 |
No | 124 | 28.8 | 88 | 71.0 | 81 | 65.3 | ||||||||||||
Social Support | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 332 | 77.0 | 250 | 75.3 | 0.249 | 0.115 | 0.029 | 0.171 | 0.135 | 0.204 | 253 | 76.2 | 0.223 | 0.111 | 0.049 | 0.064 | 0.139 | 0.646 |
Low | 99 | 23.0 | 65 | 65.7 | 67 | 67.7 | ||||||||||||
Cultural Identity | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 193 | 44.8 | 181 | 93.8 | 0.187 | 0.119 | 0.115 | 0.139 | 0.125 | 0.264 | 183 | 94.8 | 0.166 | 0.11 | 0.131 | 0.105 | 0.118 | 0.372 |
Low | 239 | 55.4 | 135 | 56.5 | 137 | 57.3 |
Sociodemographic Characteristics | Sought Treatment from Psychiatrist in Past Year | Satisfaction with Treatment | Believed Treatment Helped | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bivariate | Multivariate | Bivariate | Multivariate | |||||||||||||||
N | % | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | |
Total | 341 | 247 | 72.4 | 267 | 78.3 | |||||||||||||
Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||
White (Caucasian) | 281 | 82.4 | 212 | 75.4 | 226 | 80.4 | ||||||||||||
African American | 31 | 9.09 | 17 | 54.8 | 0.412 | 0.177 | 0.019 | −0.439 | 0.317 | 0.166 | 21 | 67.7 | −0.751 | 0.356 | 0.034 | −0.241 | 0.311 | 0.439 |
Hispanic | 9 | 2.64 | 7 | 77.8 | −0.117 | 0.432 | 0.786 | 0.713 | 0.743 | 0.337 | 7 | 77.8 | −0.371 | 0.758 | 0.624 | 0.259 | 0.626 | 0.678 |
Other | 20 | 5.87 | 11 | 55.0 | 0.469 | 0.222 | 0.034 | 0.357 | 0.243 | 0.141 | 13 | 65.0 | −0.794 | 0.603 | 0.187 | −0.386 | 0.534 | 0.469 |
Gender | ||||||||||||||||||
Male | 140 | 41.1 | 99 | 70.7 | −0.067 | 0.144 | 0.639 | −0.159 | 0.160 | 0.321 | 106 | 75.7 | −0.174 | 0.150 | 0.245 | −0.244 | 0.175 | 0.163 |
Female | 201 | 58.9 | 148 | 73.6 | 160 | 79.6 | ||||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||||||||||
Low | 147 | 43.1 | 98 | 66.7 | −0.265 | 0.156 | 0.088 | −0.297 | 0.164 | 0.070 | 102 | 69.4 | −0.401 | 0.187 | 0.032 | −0.383 | 0.194 | 0.048 |
High | 193 | 56.6 | 149 | 77.2 | 164 | 85.0 | ||||||||||||
Education | ||||||||||||||||||
< = 12 years | 148 | 43.4 | 113 | 76.4 | 0.158 | 0.118 | 0.182 | 0.293 | 0.107 | p<.01 | 112 | 75.7 | 0.064 | 0.129 | 0.619 | 0.080 | 0.141 | 0.568 |
> 12 years | 193 | 56.6 | 134 | 69.4 | 115 | 59.6 | ||||||||||||
Employment | ||||||||||||||||||
employed | 185 | 54.3 | 136 | 73.5 | 0.064 | 0.138 | 0.643 | 0.011 | 0.145 | 0.934 | 150 | 81.1 | 0.119 | 0.120 | 0.318 | 0.024 | 0.128 | 0.849 |
not employed | 157 | 46.0 | 111 | 70.7 | 117 | 74.5 | ||||||||||||
Health Insurance | ||||||||||||||||||
Yes | 227 | 66.6 | 165 | 72.7 | 0.034 | 0.131 | 0.793 | −0.034 | 0.127 | 0.789 | 181 | 79.7 | 0.075 | 0.163 | 0.645 | −0.073 | 0.173 | 0.674 |
No | 115 | 33.7 | 82 | 71.3 | 85 | 73.9 | ||||||||||||
Social Support | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 261 | 76.5 | 193 | 73.9 | 0.167 | 0.178 | 0.348 | 0.118 | 0.179 | 0.507 | 208 | 79.7 | 0.267 | 0.185 | 0.150 | 0.225 | 0.172 | 0.189 |
Low | 80 | 23.5 | 54 | 67.5 | 58 | 72.5 | ||||||||||||
Cultural Identity | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 161 | 47.2 | 115 | 71.4 | −0.023 | 0.157 | 0.884 | −0.069 | 0.181 | 0.702 | 124 | 77.0 | 0.094 | 0.155 | 0.544 | −0.187 | 0.172 | 0.278 |
Low | 180 | 52.8 | 131 | 72.8 | 143 | 79.4 |
Sociodemographic Characteristics | Sought Treatment from Psychologist in Past Year | Satisfaction with Treatment | Believed Treatment Helped | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bivariate | Multivariate | Bivaritae | Multivarite | |||||||||||||||
N | % | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | |
Total | 236 | 186 | 78.8 | 191 | 80.9 | |||||||||||||
Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||
White (Caucasian) | 199 | 84.3 | 158 | 79.4 | 161 | 80.9 | ||||||||||||
African American | 14 | 5.93 | 9 | 64.3 | 0.252 | 0.319 | 0.431 | −3.69 | 0.547 | p<.001 | 11 | 78.6 | −0.118 | 0.587 | 0.841 | −3.35 | 0.509 | p<.001 |
Hispanic | 8 | 3.39 | 8 | 100 | −0.767 | 0.170 | p<.001 | 11.07 | 0.406 | p<.001 | 8 | 100 | 14.31 | 0.337 | p<.001 | 10.93 | 0.385 | p<.001 |
Other | 15 | 6.36 | 10 | 66.7 | 0.275 | 0.223 | 0.218 | −3.92 | 0.373 | p<.001 | 11 | 73.3 | −0.641 | −0.641 | 0.24 | −4.1 | 0.481 | p<.001 |
Gender | ||||||||||||||||||
Male | 92 | 19.7 | 73 | 79.3 | 0.021 | 0.153 | 0.894 | 0.019 | 0.153 | 0.898 | 74 | 80.4 | 0.079 | 0.211 | 0.706 | −0.116 | 0.213 | 0.585 |
Female | 143 | 21.1 | 113 | 79.0 | 117 | 81.8 | ||||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||||||||||
Low | 91 | 20.6 | 74 | 81.3 | 0.134 | 0.156 | 0.390 | 0.314 | 0.219 | 0.151 | 74 | 81.3 | 0.077 | 0.188 | 0.683 | 0.081 | 0.247 | 0.742 |
High | 144 | 20.2 | 111 | 77.1 | 116 | 80.6 | ||||||||||||
Education | ||||||||||||||||||
< = 12 years | 69 | 46.4 | 56 | 81.2 | 0.079 | 0.167 | 0.638 | 0.077 | 0.195 | 0.691 | 55 | 79.7 | 5.0E−03 | 0.174 | 0.974 | −0.018 | 0.197 | 0.926 |
> 12 years | 167 | 8.6 | 130 | 77.8 | 135 | 80.8 | ||||||||||||
Employment | ||||||||||||||||||
employed | 154 | 18.1 | 123 | 79.9 | 0.117 | 0.109 | 0.484 | 0.183 | 0.195 | 0.348 | 127 | 82.5 | 0.093 | 0.191 | 0.627 | 0.129 | 0.213 | 0.544 |
not employed | 81 | 27.5 | 63 | 77.8 | 63 | 77.8 | ||||||||||||
Health Insurance | ||||||||||||||||||
Yes | 86 | 19.4 | 66 | 76.7 | 0.169 | 0.165 | 0.305 | 0.346 | 0.254 | 0.173 | 69 | 80.2 | −0.0087 | 0.192 | 0.964 | 0.107 | 0.269 | 0.689 |
No | 149 | 22.8 | 120 | 80.5 | 121 | 81.2 | ||||||||||||
Social Support | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 74 | 20.4 | 58 | 78.4 | 0.012 | 0.179 | 0.947 | 0.159 | 0.236 | 0.501 | 61 | 82.4 | −0.084 | 0.168 | 0.618 | 0.149 | 0.206 | 0.471 |
Low | 162 | 20.9 | 128 | 79.0 | 129 | 79.6 | ||||||||||||
Cultural Identity | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 121 | 22.4 | 103 | 85.1 | −0.429 | 0.154 | p<.01 | −0.458 | 0.193 | 0.017 | 111 | 91.7 | −0.822 | 0.219 | p<.001 | −0.844 | 0.243 | p<.001 |
Low | 114 | 19.0 | 83 | 72.8 | 79 | 69.3 |
Sociodemographic Characteristics | Sought Treatment from Counselor in Past year | Satisfied with Treatment | Believed Treatment Helped | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bivariate | Multivariate | Bivariate | Multivariate | |||||||||||||||
N | % | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | |
Total | 222 | 173 | 77.9 | 182 | 82.0 | |||||||||||||
Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||
White (Caucasian) | 180 | 81.1 | 138 | 76.7 | 144 | 80.0 | ||||||||||||
African American | 23 | 10.4 | 18 | 78.3 | −0.082 | 0.556 | 0.883 | −0.134 | 0.534 | 0.802 | 20 | 87.0 | 0.526 | 0.661 | 0.426 | 0.261 | 0.672 | 0.698 |
Hispanic | 6 | 2.70 | 5 | 83.3 | 0.87 | 1.16 | 0.454 | 0.897 | 0.913 | 0.326 | 5 | 83.3 | 0.714 | 1.156 | 0.537 | 0.465 | 0.975 | 0.634 |
Other | 15 | 6.76 | 11 | 73.3 | −0.401 | 0.691 | 0.562 | −0.613 | 0.598 | 0.305 | 13 | 86.7 | 0.071 | 0.922 | 0.937 | −0.332 | 0.799 | 0.678 |
Gender | ||||||||||||||||||
Male | 91 | 40.9 | 73 | 80.2 | 0.239 | 0.224 | 0.286 | 0.222 | 0.193 | 0.251 | 73 | 80.2 | −0.044 | 0.252 | 0.862 | 0.088 | 0.221 | 0.693 |
Female | 132 | 59.5 | 99 | 75.0 | 108 | 81.8 | ||||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||||||||||
Low | 96 | 43.2 | 27 | 28.1 | −0.243 | 0.204 | 0.234 | −0.258 | 0.236 | 0.275 | 79 | 82.3 | −0.049 | 0.209 | 0.813 | 0.053 | 0.259 | 0.839 |
High | 127 | 57.2 | 101 | 79.5 | 102 | 80.3 | ||||||||||||
Education | ||||||||||||||||||
< = 12 years | 105 | 47.3 | 76 | 72.4 | −0.164 | 0.174 | 0.346 | −0.330 | 0.237 | 0.164 | 79 | 75.2 | −0.230 | 0.229 | 0.316 | −0.358 | 0.265 | 0.177 |
> 12 years | 118 | 53.2 | 92 | 78.0 | 102 | 86.4 | ||||||||||||
Employment | ||||||||||||||||||
employed | 143 | 64.4 | 106 | 74.0 | −0.224 | 0.204 | 0.272 | −0.313 | 0.221 | 0.157 | 114 | 80.0 | −0.048 | 0.248 | 0.847 | −0.086 | 0.253 | 0.734 |
not employed | 80 | 36.0 | 67 | 84.0 | 67 | 84.0 | ||||||||||||
Health Insurance | ||||||||||||||||||
Yes | 139 | 62.6 | 105 | 75.5 | −0.049 | 0.204 | 0.808 | −0.257 | 0.268 | 0.337 | 112 | 80.6 | 0.093 | 0.238 | 0.698 | 0.076 | 0.279 | 0.786 |
No | 84 | 37.8 | 68 | 81.0 | 68 | 81.0 | ||||||||||||
Social Support | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 173 | 77.9 | 136 | 78.6 | 0.292 | 0.242 | 0.228 | 0.348 | 0.291 | 0.230 | 142 | 82.1 | 0.255 | 0.237 | 0.282 | 0.379 | 0.300 | 0.206 |
Low | 51 | 23.0 | 36 | 70.6 | 39 | 76.5 | ||||||||||||
Cultural Identity | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 114 | 51.4 | 83 | 72.8 | −0.169 | 0.225 | 0.454 | −0.258 | 0.301 | 0.391 | 86 | 75.4 | −0.251 | 0.204 | 0.219 | −0.365 | 0.263 | 0.166 |
Low | 109 | 49.1 | 90 | 82.6 | 94 | 86.2 |
Sociodemographic Characteristics | Sought Treatment from Social Worker in past year | Satisfied with Treatment | Believed Treatment Helped | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bivariate | Multivariate | Bivariate | Multivariate | |||||||||||||||
N | % | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | N | % | Beta | SE | p-value | Beta | SE | p-value | |
Total | 101 | 77 | 76.2 | 84 | 83.2 | |||||||||||||
Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||
White (Caucasian) | 81 | 80.2 | 58 | 71.6 | 64 | 79.0 | ||||||||||||
African American | 7 | 6.93 | 7 | 100 | −8.34 | 0.215 | p<.001 | 8.66 | 0.598 | p<.001 | 7 | 100 | 16.55 | 0.496 | p<.001 | 5.09 | 0.674 | p<.001 |
Hispanic | 3 | 2.97 | 3 | 100 | −8.34 | 0.411 | p<.001 | 7.75 | 0.848 | p<.001 | 3 | 100 | 16.55 | 0.622 | p<.001 | 4.37 | 1.24 | p<.001 |
Other | 10 | 9.90 | 9 | 90.0 | −0.654 | 0.292 | 0.025 | −7.11 | 0.377 | p<.001 | 10 | 100 | 16.55 | 0.569 | p<.001 | 4.17 | 0.540 | p<.001 |
Gender | ||||||||||||||||||
Male | 45 | 19.7 | 34 | 75.6 | −0.111 | 0.215 | 0.604 | −0.358 | 0.208 | 0.086 | 38 | 84.4 | −0.025 | 0.232 | 0.914 | −0.188 | 0.248 | 0.449 |
Female | 55 | 33.7 | 43 | 78.2 | 46 | 83.6 | ||||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||||||||||
Low | 46 | 23.4 | 30 | 65.2 | −0.654 | 0.358 | 0.068 | −0.858 | 0.386 | 0.026 | 34 | 73.9 | −0.589 | 0.462 | 0.202 | −0.857 | 0.553 | 0.121 |
High | 54 | 28.6 | 47 | 87.0 | 49 | 90.7 | ||||||||||||
Education | ||||||||||||||||||
< = 12 years | 55 | 33.5 | 38 | 69.1 | −0.439 | 0.221 | 0.046 | −0.037 | 0.299 | 0.899 | 42 | 76.4 | −0.439 | 0.250 | 0.064 | −0.252 | 0.346 | 0.466 |
> 12 years | 46 | 20.3 | 39 | 84.8 | 41 | 89.1 | ||||||||||||
Employment | ||||||||||||||||||
employed | 53 | 20.0 | 41 | 77.4 | 0.065 | 0.287 | 0.821 | −1E-05 | 0.391 | 0.100 | 43 | 81.1 | −0.165 | 0.337 | 0.624 | −0.279 | 0.411 | 0.497 |
not employed | 47 | 37.3 | 35 | 74.5 | 40 | 85.1 | ||||||||||||
Health Insurance | ||||||||||||||||||
Yes | 68 | 27.0 | 59 | 86.8 | 0.829 | 0.272 | p<.01 | 0.742 | 0.235 | 0.001 | 60 | 88.2 | 0.507 | 0.285 | 0.075 | 0.162 | 0.235 | 0.489 |
No | 33 | 23.7 | 18 | 54.5 | 24 | 72.7 | ||||||||||||
Social Support | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 73 | 24.8 | 57 | 78.1 | 0.157 | 0.226 | 0.486 | −0.304 | 0.329 | 0.357 | 61 | 83.6 | 0.025 | 0.327 | 0.939 | −0.496 | 0.422 | 0.239 |
Low | 27 | 26.0 | 20 | 74.1 | 23 | 85.2 | ||||||||||||
Cultural Identity | ||||||||||||||||||
High | 45 | 26.8 | 38 | 84.4 | −0.355 | 0.139 | p<.01 | 0.158 | 0.178 | 0.375 | 41 | 91.1 | 0.642 | 0.204 | p<.01 | 0.702 | 0.267 | p<.01 |
Low | 55 | 24.8 | 39 | 70.9 | 42 | 76.4 |