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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 20.
Published in final edited form as: Community Ment Health J. 2008 Oct 16;45(2):85–96. doi: 10.1007/s10597-008-9164-5

Table 2.

Past 12-month mental health treatment experience, satisfaction with treatment and treatment helpfulness by sociodemographic characteristics among those who sought help from a Medical Doctor, Psychiatrist, Psychologist, Counselor and Social Worker: Results of bivaritate and multivariate analyses.

Sociodemographic Characteristics Sought Treatment from Medical Doctor in Past Year Satisfaction with Treatment Believed Treatment Helped
Bivariate Multivariate Bivariate Multivariate
N % N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value
Total 431 247 72.4 267 78.3
Race/Ethnicity
 White (Caucasian) 364 84.5 268 73.6 271 74.5
 African American 27 6.26 17 63.0 0.018 0.274 0.945 −0.118 0.482 0.806 20 74.1 0.481 0.631 0.445 0.339 0.488 0.486
 Hispanic 14 3.25 11 78.6 0.038 0.385 0.921 −0.085 0.724 0.906 10 71.4 −0.324 0.361 0.369 −0.487 0.394 0.216
 Other 25 5.80 20 80.0 −0.165 0.310 0.594 0.236 0.485 0.626 21 84.0 0.512 0.707 0.469 0.364 0.529 0.491
Gender
 Male 133 30.9 90 67.7 −0.183 0.153 0.231 −0.198 0.171 0.246 93 69.9 0.163 0.186 0.382 −0.189 0.202 0.348
 Female 299 69.4 225 75.3 228 76.3
Income
 Low 160 37.1 113 70.6 −0.119 0.156 0.231 −0.096 0.098 0.326 109 68.1 −0.265 0.156 0.010 −0.175 0.116 0.132
 High 271 62.9 203 74.9 211 77.9
Education
 < = 12 years 191 44.3 149 78.0 0.241 0.124 0.052 0.254 0.129 0.048 146 76.4 0.105 0.122 0.386 0.131 0.114 0.251
 > 12 years 241 55.9 166 68.9 174 72.2
Employment
 employed 267 61.9 193 72.3 −0.059 0.115 0.605 −0.045 0.122 0.707 198 74.2 −0.021 0.103 0.841 −0.045 0.105 0.665
 not employed 164 38.1 122 74.4 122 74.4
Health Insurance
 Yes 308 71.5 228 74.0 0.083 0.111 0.456 0.024 0.124 0.843 239 77.6 0.315 0.122 0.009 0.265 0.158 0.094
 No 124 28.8 88 71.0 81 65.3
Social Support
High 332 77.0 250 75.3 0.249 0.115 0.029 0.171 0.135 0.204 253 76.2 0.223 0.111 0.049 0.064 0.139 0.646
Low 99 23.0 65 65.7 67 67.7
Cultural Identity
High 193 44.8 181 93.8 0.187 0.119 0.115 0.139 0.125 0.264 183 94.8 0.166 0.11 0.131 0.105 0.118 0.372
Low 239 55.4 135 56.5 137 57.3
Sociodemographic Characteristics Sought Treatment from Psychiatrist in Past Year Satisfaction with Treatment Believed Treatment Helped
Bivariate Multivariate Bivariate Multivariate
N % N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value
Total 341 247 72.4 267 78.3
Race/Ethnicity
 White (Caucasian) 281 82.4 212 75.4 226 80.4
 African American 31 9.09 17 54.8 0.412 0.177 0.019 −0.439 0.317 0.166 21 67.7 −0.751 0.356 0.034 −0.241 0.311 0.439
 Hispanic 9 2.64 7 77.8 −0.117 0.432 0.786 0.713 0.743 0.337 7 77.8 −0.371 0.758 0.624 0.259 0.626 0.678
 Other 20 5.87 11 55.0 0.469 0.222 0.034 0.357 0.243 0.141 13 65.0 −0.794 0.603 0.187 −0.386 0.534 0.469
Gender
 Male 140 41.1 99 70.7 −0.067 0.144 0.639 −0.159 0.160 0.321 106 75.7 −0.174 0.150 0.245 −0.244 0.175 0.163
 Female 201 58.9 148 73.6 160 79.6
Income
 Low 147 43.1 98 66.7 −0.265 0.156 0.088 −0.297 0.164 0.070 102 69.4 −0.401 0.187 0.032 −0.383 0.194 0.048
 High 193 56.6 149 77.2 164 85.0
Education
 < = 12 years 148 43.4 113 76.4 0.158 0.118 0.182 0.293 0.107 p<.01 112 75.7 0.064 0.129 0.619 0.080 0.141 0.568
 > 12 years 193 56.6 134 69.4 115 59.6
Employment
 employed 185 54.3 136 73.5 0.064 0.138 0.643 0.011 0.145 0.934 150 81.1 0.119 0.120 0.318 0.024 0.128 0.849
 not employed 157 46.0 111 70.7 117 74.5
Health Insurance
 Yes 227 66.6 165 72.7 0.034 0.131 0.793 −0.034 0.127 0.789 181 79.7 0.075 0.163 0.645 −0.073 0.173 0.674
 No 115 33.7 82 71.3 85 73.9
Social Support
High 261 76.5 193 73.9 0.167 0.178 0.348 0.118 0.179 0.507 208 79.7 0.267 0.185 0.150 0.225 0.172 0.189
Low 80 23.5 54 67.5 58 72.5
Cultural Identity
High 161 47.2 115 71.4 −0.023 0.157 0.884 −0.069 0.181 0.702 124 77.0 0.094 0.155 0.544 −0.187 0.172 0.278
Low 180 52.8 131 72.8 143 79.4
Sociodemographic Characteristics Sought Treatment from Psychologist in Past Year Satisfaction with Treatment Believed Treatment Helped
Bivariate Multivariate Bivaritae Multivarite
N % N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value
Total 236 186 78.8 191 80.9
Race/Ethnicity
 White (Caucasian) 199 84.3 158 79.4 161 80.9
 African American 14 5.93 9 64.3 0.252 0.319 0.431 −3.69 0.547 p<.001 11 78.6 −0.118 0.587 0.841 −3.35 0.509 p<.001
 Hispanic 8 3.39 8 100 −0.767 0.170 p<.001 11.07 0.406 p<.001 8 100 14.31 0.337 p<.001 10.93 0.385 p<.001
 Other 15 6.36 10 66.7 0.275 0.223 0.218 −3.92 0.373 p<.001 11 73.3 −0.641 −0.641 0.24 −4.1 0.481 p<.001
Gender
 Male 92 19.7 73 79.3 0.021 0.153 0.894 0.019 0.153 0.898 74 80.4 0.079 0.211 0.706 −0.116 0.213 0.585
 Female 143 21.1 113 79.0 117 81.8
Income
 Low 91 20.6 74 81.3 0.134 0.156 0.390 0.314 0.219 0.151 74 81.3 0.077 0.188 0.683 0.081 0.247 0.742
 High 144 20.2 111 77.1 116 80.6
Education
 < = 12 years 69 46.4 56 81.2 0.079 0.167 0.638 0.077 0.195 0.691 55 79.7 5.0E−03 0.174 0.974 −0.018 0.197 0.926
 > 12 years 167 8.6 130 77.8 135 80.8
Employment
 employed 154 18.1 123 79.9 0.117 0.109 0.484 0.183 0.195 0.348 127 82.5 0.093 0.191 0.627 0.129 0.213 0.544
 not employed 81 27.5 63 77.8 63 77.8
Health Insurance
 Yes 86 19.4 66 76.7 0.169 0.165 0.305 0.346 0.254 0.173 69 80.2 −0.0087 0.192 0.964 0.107 0.269 0.689
 No 149 22.8 120 80.5 121 81.2
Social Support
High 74 20.4 58 78.4 0.012 0.179 0.947 0.159 0.236 0.501 61 82.4 −0.084 0.168 0.618 0.149 0.206 0.471
Low 162 20.9 128 79.0 129 79.6
Cultural Identity
High 121 22.4 103 85.1 −0.429 0.154 p<.01 −0.458 0.193 0.017 111 91.7 −0.822 0.219 p<.001 −0.844 0.243 p<.001
Low 114 19.0 83 72.8 79 69.3
Sociodemographic Characteristics Sought Treatment from Counselor in Past year Satisfied with Treatment Believed Treatment Helped
Bivariate Multivariate Bivariate Multivariate
N % N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value
Total 222 173 77.9 182 82.0
Race/Ethnicity
 White (Caucasian) 180 81.1 138 76.7 144 80.0
 African American 23 10.4 18 78.3 −0.082 0.556 0.883 −0.134 0.534 0.802 20 87.0 0.526 0.661 0.426 0.261 0.672 0.698
 Hispanic 6 2.70 5 83.3 0.87 1.16 0.454 0.897 0.913 0.326 5 83.3 0.714 1.156 0.537 0.465 0.975 0.634
 Other 15 6.76 11 73.3 −0.401 0.691 0.562 −0.613 0.598 0.305 13 86.7 0.071 0.922 0.937 −0.332 0.799 0.678
Gender
 Male 91 40.9 73 80.2 0.239 0.224 0.286 0.222 0.193 0.251 73 80.2 −0.044 0.252 0.862 0.088 0.221 0.693
 Female 132 59.5 99 75.0 108 81.8
Income
 Low 96 43.2 27 28.1 −0.243 0.204 0.234 −0.258 0.236 0.275 79 82.3 −0.049 0.209 0.813 0.053 0.259 0.839
 High 127 57.2 101 79.5 102 80.3
Education
 < = 12 years 105 47.3 76 72.4 −0.164 0.174 0.346 −0.330 0.237 0.164 79 75.2 −0.230 0.229 0.316 −0.358 0.265 0.177
 > 12 years 118 53.2 92 78.0 102 86.4
Employment
 employed 143 64.4 106 74.0 −0.224 0.204 0.272 −0.313 0.221 0.157 114 80.0 −0.048 0.248 0.847 −0.086 0.253 0.734
 not employed 80 36.0 67 84.0 67 84.0
Health Insurance
 Yes 139 62.6 105 75.5 −0.049 0.204 0.808 −0.257 0.268 0.337 112 80.6 0.093 0.238 0.698 0.076 0.279 0.786
 No 84 37.8 68 81.0 68 81.0
Social Support
High 173 77.9 136 78.6 0.292 0.242 0.228 0.348 0.291 0.230 142 82.1 0.255 0.237 0.282 0.379 0.300 0.206
Low 51 23.0 36 70.6 39 76.5
Cultural Identity
High 114 51.4 83 72.8 −0.169 0.225 0.454 −0.258 0.301 0.391 86 75.4 −0.251 0.204 0.219 −0.365 0.263 0.166
Low 109 49.1 90 82.6 94 86.2
Sociodemographic Characteristics Sought Treatment from Social Worker in past year Satisfied with Treatment Believed Treatment Helped
Bivariate Multivariate Bivariate Multivariate
N % N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value N % Beta SE p-value Beta SE p-value
Total 101 77 76.2 84 83.2
Race/Ethnicity
 White (Caucasian) 81 80.2 58 71.6 64 79.0
 African American 7 6.93 7 100 −8.34 0.215 p<.001 8.66 0.598 p<.001 7 100 16.55 0.496 p<.001 5.09 0.674 p<.001
 Hispanic 3 2.97 3 100 −8.34 0.411 p<.001 7.75 0.848 p<.001 3 100 16.55 0.622 p<.001 4.37 1.24 p<.001
 Other 10 9.90 9 90.0 −0.654 0.292 0.025 −7.11 0.377 p<.001 10 100 16.55 0.569 p<.001 4.17 0.540 p<.001
Gender
 Male 45 19.7 34 75.6 −0.111 0.215 0.604 −0.358 0.208 0.086 38 84.4 −0.025 0.232 0.914 −0.188 0.248 0.449
 Female 55 33.7 43 78.2 46 83.6
Income
 Low 46 23.4 30 65.2 −0.654 0.358 0.068 −0.858 0.386 0.026 34 73.9 −0.589 0.462 0.202 −0.857 0.553 0.121
 High 54 28.6 47 87.0 49 90.7
Education
 < = 12 years 55 33.5 38 69.1 −0.439 0.221 0.046 −0.037 0.299 0.899 42 76.4 −0.439 0.250 0.064 −0.252 0.346 0.466
 > 12 years 46 20.3 39 84.8 41 89.1
Employment
 employed 53 20.0 41 77.4 0.065 0.287 0.821 −1E-05 0.391 0.100 43 81.1 −0.165 0.337 0.624 −0.279 0.411 0.497
 not employed 47 37.3 35 74.5 40 85.1
Health Insurance
 Yes 68 27.0 59 86.8 0.829 0.272 p<.01 0.742 0.235 0.001 60 88.2 0.507 0.285 0.075 0.162 0.235 0.489
 No 33 23.7 18 54.5 24 72.7
Social Support
High 73 24.8 57 78.1 0.157 0.226 0.486 −0.304 0.329 0.357 61 83.6 0.025 0.327 0.939 −0.496 0.422 0.239
Low 27 26.0 20 74.1 23 85.2
Cultural Identity
High 45 26.8 38 84.4 −0.355 0.139 p<.01 0.158 0.178 0.375 41 91.1 0.642 0.204 p<.01 0.702 0.267 p<.01
Low 55 24.8 39 70.9 42 76.4