Table 2.

Various types of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease [50]

Type of disease	Cause
Sporadic CJD	Sporadic. The cause is not known; it is not common but is found worldwide and is generally found in old people; one in 1 million spontaneous conversion
Familial CJD	Genetic. It is caused by mutation of a prion gene; 5–10% of all cases of TSE. It is also called genetic CJD
Iatrogenic CJD	Acquired. It is transmitted through medical procedures including surgery, transplantation, and blood transfusion
Variant CJD	Acquired. It was discovered in 1996; it is assumed that it is acquired by the consumption of pathogenic prions from BSE-infected beef (it was initially called new variant CJD)

BSE = bovine spongiform encephalopathy; CJD = Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.