Table II.
Characteristics of CHD Groups Compared with Cohort Control Subjects
| Cohort (n = 46,782) | Mild CHD (n = 81) | Moderate CHD (n = 37) | Severe CHD (n = 64) | χ2/F | Pa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mother | ||||||
| Age at birth of child (M ± SD) | 30.3 ± 4.44 | 30.5 ± 4.95 | 30.7 ± 4.76 | 30.3 ± 4.34 | .12 | .950 |
| Parity ≥1 sibling (%) | 53.2 | 49.4 | 54.1 | 53.1 | 4.80 | .923 |
| Education, years (M ± SD) | 14.7 ± 2.27 | 14.2 ± 2.39 | 14.9 ± 2.07 | 14.6 ± 2.47 | 1.57 | .194 |
| Divorced/separated at 36 months postpartum, yes (%) | 3.3 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 3.3 | .15 | .100 |
| Social support gestation week 18, yes (%) | 96.8 | 100.0 | 97.2 | 93.3 | 4.93 | .177 |
| Social support at 36 months postpartum, yes (%) | 96.8 | 97.5 | 100.0 | 91.8 | 6.22 | .101 |
| Psychological distress gestation week 18, score from 1 to 4 (M ± SD) | 1.2 ± .37 | 1.2 ± .31 | 1.2 ± .34 | 1.3 ± .38 | .15 | .928 |
| Psychological distress 6 months postpartum, score from 1 to 4 (M ± SD) | 1.2 ± .33 | 1.2 ± .29 | 1.2 ± .45 | 1.5 ± .47 | 8.82 | <.0001 |
| Relationship satisfaction at T1, raw score from 1 to 6: (M ± SD) | 5.3 ± .69 | 5.2 ± .70 | 5.3 ± .73 | 5.2 ± .84 | .37 | .772 |
| Relationship satisfaction at T2, raw score from 1 to 6: (M ± SD) | 5.3 ± .68 | 5.3 ± .66 | 5.4 ± .52 | 5.2 ± .81 | 1.21 | .304 |
| Relationship satisfaction at T3, raw score from 1 to 6: (M ± SD) | 5.2 ± .77 | 5.3 ± .72 | 5.4 ± .49 | 5.1 ± .81 | 1.88 | .131 |
| Relationship satisfaction at T4, raw score: (M ± SD) | 5.1 ± .82 | 5.1 ± .84 | 5.2 ± .69 | 5.0 ± .84 | .56 | .639 |
| Relationship satisfaction at T5, raw score from 1 to 6: (M ± SD) | 4.4 ± .54 | 4.4 ± .51 | 4.3 ± .50 | 4.3 ± .49 | .54 | .639 |
| Child | ||||||
| Boys/girls (%) | 51.2/48.8 | 44.4/55.6 | 62.2/37.8 | 57.8/42.2 | 4.38 | .223 |
| Gestational week (M ± SD) | 39.4 ± 1.94 | 38.5 ± 3.33b | 39.1 ± 2.52 | 38.7 ± 2.38b | 8.71 | <.0001 |
| Birth weight, g (M ± SD) | 3,575 ± 586 | 3,478 ± 914 | 3,455 ± 716 | 3,328 ± 739b | 4.92 | .002 |
| Operated for CHD (%) | – | – | 51.4 | 92.2 | – | – |
| Catheterized (%) | – | 2.5 | 35.1 | 25.0 | – | – |
Note. Table showing case numbers and within-group percentages; CHD = congenital heart defect; M = mean; SD = standard deviation; T1 = gestation week 18; T2 = gestation week 30; T3 = 6 months after delivery; T4 = 18 months after delivery; T5 = 36 months after delivery
aP-values were calculated using ANOVA for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables.
bDiffers significantly from the cohort.