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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 20.
Published in final edited form as: Am Econ Rev. 2013 Aug;103(5):2003–2020. doi: 10.1257/aer.103.5.2003

Table 1.

Estimated Statistics for Young White Males in 1850 U.S.

Age % On Farm % In School % Living with Father
Total by Farm Status
by Student Status
Farm Non-Farm In School Not in School
0–25 54.8 32.5 72.7 80.4 63.5 85.9 66.4
13–19 58.1 43.9 68.6 78.1 55.3 81.3 58.6
13 60.7 66.5 80.7 87.0 71.0 83.8 74.5
14 58.3 62.1 77.5 84.2 68.1 81.5 71.0
15 60.4 54.8 75.3 82.4 64.4 82.1 67.0
16 58.9 43.9 70.5 79.4 57.6 81.3 62.0
17 58.2 34.5 64.6 75.0 50.0 79.3 56.8
18 55.1 23.8 57.5 70.1 42.0 79.1 50.7
19 54.8 18.1 51.7 65.6 34.8 75.8 46.3

Source: IPUMS of the 1850 U.S. Census.