Figure 1. Development of the somatic embryogenesis process in Coffea canephora.

Leaf explants were cultured in liquid Yasuda medium in the presence of 5 µM of benzyl adenine under dark conditions. The embryogenic process starts with the thickening of leaf edges at 14 days after induction (dai), cellular proliferation and the development of the proembryogenic mass (Pm), between 21 and 28 dai. Differentiation of the first somatic embryogenic structures from Pm starts to appear at 35 dai and the differentiation of the late embryogenic stages begins at 42 dai until 56 dai. A close-up of the embryos is shown in circles. Bars = 4 mm.