Table 1.

Comparison between children affected by MoA and typical children on the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory: Parent Version

	MoA (N = 486) (%)	Controls (N = 518) (%)	Chi-square value	P-value
NS high levels	37.45	43.05	3.041	0.081
HA high levels	63.17	39.58	54.913	<0.001
RD high levels	42.59	47.68	3.400	0.065
P high levels	64.61	38.03	69.814	<0.001
SD high levels	46.30	53.67	5.159	0.023
C high levels	51.85	57.53	3.037	0.081
ST high levels	54.32	52.70	0.203	0.652

Notes:Table 1 shows the differences in prevalence of high levels in the domains of the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory: Parent Version questionnaire between children affected by MoA and typical developing children (controls). Specifically, according to Cloninger’s model, four temperament dimensions (NS, HA, RD, and P) and three higher order character dispositions (SD, C, and ST) were considered. P-values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

Abbreviations: C, cooperativeness; HA, harm avoidance; MoA, migraine without aura; NS, novelty seeking; P, persistence; RD, reward dependence; SD, self-directedness; ST, self-transcendence.