Table 1.
Characteristics by Ethnic and Gender groups
| White Men n=156 |
White Women n=187 |
Filipina Women n=117 |
African-American Women n=138 |
p-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 68.0 ± 7.4 | 65.9 ± 6.1 | 63.7 ± 6.3 | 60.6 ± 7.4 | <0.001 |
| Ever Smoking | 84 (54%) | 95 (51%) | 12 (10%) | 65 (47%) | <0.001 |
| Exercise ≥ 3x/week | 125 (80%) | 138 (74%) | 82 (70%) | 87 (63%) | 0.01 |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2 | 26.8 ± 3.5 | 25.7 ± 4.6 | 25.7 ± 3.1 | 29.7 ± 5.7 | <0.001 |
| Visceral Fat, cm2 | 156.1 ± 65.4 | 108.0 ± 56.9 | 123.8 ± 53.6 | 96.1 ± 44.0 | <0.001 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure, mmHg | 131.1 ± 18.9 | 128.8 ± 19.6 | 133.8 ± 20.6 | 134.5 ± 22.4 | 0.008 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure, mmHg | 78.2 ± 8.0 | 75.2 ± 8.1 | 79.3 ± 9.7 | 77.2 ± 10.4 | <0.001 |
| Prevalent Hypertensionb | 84 (54%) | 87 (47%) | 63 (54%) | 76 (55%) | 0.37 |
| Prevalent Diabetesb | 19 (12%) | 8 (4%) | 39 (33%) | 15 (11%) | <0.001 |
| Fasting Plasma Glucose, mg/dL | 106.3 ± 18.3 | 100.4 ± 27.1 | 107.9 ± 36.6 | 96.7 ± 27.4 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dLc | 104.5 (78.0, 147.5) | 123.0 (84.0, 164.0) | 142.0 (94.0, 196.0) | 77.0 (58.0, 112.0) | <0.001 |
| Total Cholesterol, mg/dL | 198.4 ± 31.3 | 215.8 ± 32.9 | 219.3 ± 40.5 | 206.4 ± 34.9 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 50.6 ± 12.0 | 66.0 ± 16.7 | 53.1 ± 11.9 | 62.7 ± 15.9 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 123.6 ± 29.4 | 123.3 ± 30.5 | 133.0 ± 34.6 | 123.1 ± 35.5 | 0.004 |
| Interleukin-6, pg/mLc | 1.46 (1.06, 2.27) | 1.43 (1.08, 2.04) | 1.36 (1.09, 2.12) | 1.81 (1.21, 2.87) | <0.001 |
| Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, pg/mL ‡ | 1.06 (0.88, 1.26) | 1.00 (0.84, 1.25) | 0.98 (0.80, 1.34) | 1.01 (0.80, 1.42) | <0.001 |
| Adiponectin, ug/mLc | 7.96 (6.03, 11.02) | 13.27 (10.73, 17.08) | 6.40 (3.80, 10.00) | 7.60 (5.40, 10.80) | <0.001 |
| Leptin, ng/mL ‡ | 5.86 (4.24, 9.12) | 14.36 (9.35, 21.55) | 14.20 (10.80, 18.40) | 15.90 (12.10, 21.00) | <0.001 |
| CAC prevalence (CAC>0, V8) | 138 (88%) | 118 (63%) | 80 (68%) | 78 (57%) | <0.001 |
| CAC, Agatston units (V8)† | 184.9 (37.7, 637.6) | 13.2 (0, 119.4) | 21.4 (0, 140.0) | 3.5 (0, 64.7) | <0.001 |
a
P-value by ANOVA, chi-square or Kruskal-Wallis test as appropriate
b
Prevalent hypertension defined as physician diagnosis of high blood pressure, use of anti-hypertensive medications, systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg; prevalent diabetes defined as physician diagnosis, fasting plasma glucose > 126 mg/dL, and/or use of diabetes medication (pill or insulin)
c
Median (Quartile 1, Quartile 3)