Fig. 1.

Phylogenetic distribution of diverse proteins associated with filopodia and related actin-based cellular protrusions. A black dot indicates the presence of clear homologs, whereas absence of a dot indicates that a homolog was not detected in that taxon. ¹Based on Boureux et al. (2007). ²Only present in the excavates Naegleria gruberi and Trichomonas vaginalis. ³Plants have a villin-like protein that, despite having the same domain architecture as metazoans, is not phylogenetically related with holozoan villin (supplementary fig. S5, Supplementary Material online). ⁴Rac1 RhoGTPases are key filopodia-inducers in amoebozoans, but not in metazoans (Dumontier et al. 2000).