Table 4.
Odds ratios for achieving physical activity guidelines, adjusted for age, sex, and self-rated health, by perceived greenspace access, safety, frequency of visits, and distance to greenspace type.
| Achieve physical activity levels | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Most affluent IMD quartile | Most deprived IMD quartile | |||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Perception of greenspace access | ||||
| Very easy | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| Fairly easy | 0.91 | (0.72-1.16) | 0.83 | (0.65-1.05) |
| Neither/nor | 0.80 | (0.48-1.32) | 0.57 | (0.37-0.87) |
| Fairly difficult | 0.60 | (0.29-1.24) | 0.70 | (0.45-1.11) |
| Very difficult | 0.34* | (0.10-1.21) | 0.45** | (0.23-0.90) |
| Perception of greenspace safety | ||||
| Very safe | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| Fairly safe | 0.76 | (0.60-0.96) | 0.56 | (0.40-0.78) |
| No opinion | 0.42 | (0.26-0.67) | 0.39 | (0.25-0.60) |
| Fairly unsafe | 0.65 | (0.41-1.02) | 0.40 | (0.26-0.61) |
| Very unsafe | 0.85** | (0.34-2.15) | 0.54** | (0.29-1.00) |
| Greenspace visit frequency | ||||
| ≥ weekly | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| 2-3 per month | 0.57 | (0.44-0.74) | 0.34 | (0.25-0.46) |
| 1-6 per year | 0.57 | (0.44-0.75) | 0.26 | (0.19-0.36) |
| <1 per year | 0.43** | (0.30-0.64) | 0.30** | (0.22-0.42) |
| Distance to greenspace | ||||
| quartile 1 (nearest <100m) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| quartile 2 | 0.89 | (0.63-1.25) | 1.06 | (0.79-1.41) |
| quartile 3 | 0.90 | (0.65-1.24) | 1.04 | (0.78-1.38) |
| quartile 4 (furthest >500m) | 0.86 ns | (0.64-1.16) | 0.97 ns | (0.72-1.32) |
| Distance to Formal greenspace | ||||
| quartile 1 (nearest <830m) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| quartile 2 | 1.03 | (0.81-1.32) | 0.90 | (0.64-1.27) |
| quartile 3 | 0.70 | (0.51-0.96) | 0.73 | (0.52-1.03) |
| quartile 4 (furthest >2250m) | 0.85 ns | (0.64-1.13) | 0.85 ns | (0.61-1.20) |
| Distance to Informal greenspace | ||||
| quartile 1 (nearest <200m) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| quartile 2 | 0.82 | (0.58-1.16) | 1.07 | (0.81-1.41) |
| quartile 3 | 0.93 | (0.67-1.29) | 0.95 | (0.72-1.25) |
| quartile 4 (furthest >680m) | 0.81 ns | (0.60-1.09) | 1.09 ns | (0.79-1.50) |
| Distance to Natural greenspace | ||||
| quartile 1 (nearest <250m) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| quartile 2 | 0.98 | (0.71-1.37) | 0.97 | (0.72-1.31) |
| quartile 3 | 0.97 | (0.71-1.32) | 1.00 | (0.76-1.33) |
| quartile 4 (furthest >800m) | 0.92 ns | (0.69-1.23) | 1.15 ns | (0.84-1.57) |
| Distance to Young people’s greenspace | ||||
| quartile 1 (nearest <1300m) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| quartile 2 | 1.02 | (0.77-1.36) | 1.03 | (0.80-1.32) |
| quartile 3 | 0.76 | (0.58-0.99) | 0.88 | (0.66-1.16) |
| quartile 4 (furthest >2800m) | 1.03 ns | (0.77-1.38) | 0.74 ns | (0.46-1.17) |
| Distance to Sports greenspace | ||||
| quartile 1 (nearest <640m) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | - |
| quartile 2 | 0.82 | (0.62-1.10) | 1.26 | (0.89-1.77) |
| quartile 3 | 0.87 | (0.65-1.15) | 0.98 | (0.71-1.35) |
| quartile 4 (furthest >1470m) | 0.99 ns | (0.74-1.32) | 1.01ns | (0.75-1.37) |
Bristol, England, 2005.
From test for trend:
*
p< 0.05
**
p< 0.01
ns = not statistically significant CI = Confidence Intervals, IMD = Index of Multiple Deprivation.