Table 3.

Results of hierarchical linear regression for predicting WHOQOL-Bref Domains

Dependent Variable	Independent Variable	Standar dized β	p value	R2	Adj R2
Physical Domain
Unadjusted	Benefits measure		n.s.
Adjusted	Age	−0.05	0.53	.33	.31
	GDS	−0.56	< 0.001
	Benefits measure	−0.08	0.35
Psychological Domain
Unadjusted	Benefits measure	0.25	0.008	.06	.05
Adjusted	Age	−0.18	0.03	.34	.32
	GDS	−0.46	< 0.001
	Benefits measure	0.21	0.01
Social Relationships Domain
Unadjusted	Benefits measure	0.33	< 0.001	.11	.10
Adjusted	Age	0.28	0.003	.19	.17
	GDS	−.017	.07
	Benefits measure	0.34	< 0.001
Environment Domain
Unadjusted	Benefits measure	0.25	0.007	.06	.05
Adjusted	Age	−0.11	0.26	.17	.15
	GDS	−0.29	0.002
	Benefits measure	0.23	0.01

n.s. = not significant; Adj = adjusted; Benefits measure = Benefits of Choral Singing measure (total score)