TABLE 3.

Granger tests show no significant causal association between PM2.5 and mortality rates in daily time series

	Age Category
Relation	< 65	65–75	> 75	Avg.
PM.25 -> accident	0.044	0.058	0.048	0.050
PM.25 -> copd	0.029	0.038	0.050	0.039
PM.25 -> cvd	0.009	0.044	0.041	0.031
PM.25 -> death	0.023	0.036	0.051	0.037
PM.25 -> inf	0.002	0.022	0.014	0.013
PM.25 -> pneinf	0.052	0.041	0.036	0.043
PM.25 -> pneu	0.055	0.039	0.038	0.044
PM.25 -> resp	0.037	0.039	0.045	0.040

(Fractions of sequences with p-value < 0.05 and positive correlation)