Table 4.
Fully adjusted* relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing risk for postpartum hemorrhage by specific antidepressants; restricted to women with serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) or non-SRI monotherapy
| Specific antidepressants | Total | No (%) of women with postpartum hemorrhage | RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paroxetine: | |||
| Current | 2055 | 77 (3.8) | 1.36 (1.09 to 1.71) |
| Recent | 962 | 40 (4.2) | 1.52 (1.12 to 2.07) |
| Past | 1617 | 49 (3.0) | 1.13 (0.85 to 1.49) |
| Sertraline: | |||
| Current | 4526 | 162 (3.6) | 1.31 (1.12 to 1.54) |
| Recent | 2266 | 78 (3.4) | 1.27 (1.01 to 1.59) |
| Past | 3812 | 85 (2.2) | 0.82 (0.66 to 1.01) |
| Fluoxetine: | |||
| Current | 3322 | 137 (4.1) | 1.51 (1.27 to 1.79) |
| Recent | 1628 | 50 (3.1) | 1.14 (0.86 to 1.50) |
| Past | 3075 | 78 (2.5) | 0.93 (0.75 to 1.17) |
| Escitalopram: | |||
| Current | 1022 | 43 (4.2) | 1.56 (1.16 to 2.09) |
| Recent | 520 | 14 (2.7) | 1.01 (0.61 to 1.70) |
| Past | 940 | 24 (2.6) | 0.96 (0.64 to 1.42) |
| Citalopram: | |||
| Current | 891 | 36 (4.0) | 1.48 (1.07 to 2.04) |
| Recent† | 462 | — | 0.70 (0.37 to 1.34) |
| Past | 830 | 17 (2.1) | 0.76 (0.47 to 1.23) |
| Amitriptyline: | |||
| Current† | 176 | — | 1.68 (0.89 to 3.16) |
| Recent† | 69 | — | 1.13 (0.29 to 4.42) |
| Past† | 206 | — | 1.08 (0.48 to 2.42) |
| Venlafaxine: | |||
| Current | 763 | 46 (6.0) | 2.24 (1.69 to 2.97) |
| Recent† | 237 | — | 1.10 (0.53 to 2.30) |
| Past | 458 | 12 (2.6) | 0.98 (0.56 to 1.70) |
| Trazodone: | |||
| Current† | 139 | — | 1.85 (0.90 to 3.80) |
| Recent† | 73 | — | 2.01 (0.77 to 5.24) |
| Past† | 226 | — | 0.61 (0.23 to 1.67) |
| Bupropion: | |||
| Current | 1162 | 42 (3.6) | 1.32 (0.98 to 1.79) |
| Recent | 660 | 21 (3.2) | 1.17 (0.77 to 1.79) |
| Past | 1712 | 61 (3.6) | 1.32 (1.02 to 1.69) |
| Mirtazapine: | |||
| Current† | 129 | — | 0.87 (0.29 to 2.66) |
| Recent | 57 | 0 | — |
| Past† | 135 | — | 1.07 (0.40 to 2.82) |
| No exposure | 69 044 | 1896 (2.8) | Reference |
*Delivery year, age, race, multiple pregnancy, diabetes, coagulopathy, number of mood/anxiety disorder diagnoses, number of inpatient mood/anxiety disorder diagnoses, psychotic disorder, other mental health disorder, pain indication, sleep disorder, anticonvulsant dispensing, benzodiazepine dispensing, aspirin dispensing, heparin dispensing, low molecular weight heparin dispensing, number of outpatient visits and days in hospital during baseline, and for other specific antidepressants within each time period, including those listed above and clomipramine, duloxetine, imipramine, nortriptyline, doxepin, and nefazodone.
†Cell sizes are too small for display per Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services cell size suppression policy.