Table 1.
Positions of Phosphorylations of RelA and corresponding kinases
| Kinase | p65 target residue | Effect of phosphate | References |
|---|---|---|---|
|
unknown |
S205 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[54] |
|
MSK1 |
S276 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[55] |
|
PIM1 |
S276 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[56] |
|
PKAc |
S276 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[57,58] |
|
unknown |
S281 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[54] |
|
PKCζ |
S311 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[59] |
|
GSK-3β |
S468 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[60] |
|
IKK2 |
S468; S536 |
stimulates transcriptional activity and nuclear import |
[61,62] |
|
IKKϵ |
S468;S536 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[63,64] |
|
CKII |
S529 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[65] |
|
CaMKIV |
S535 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[66] |
|
TBK1 |
S536 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[67] |
|
IKK1 |
S536 |
stimulates transcriptional activity and stabilization |
[68] |
|
RSK1 |
S536 |
decreases IκBα -mediated nuclear export |
[69] |
|
ATM |
S547 |
Increased expression of specific genes |
[70] |
|
unknown |
T254 |
stabilization and nuclear localization |
[71] |
|
unknown |
T435 |
stimulates transcriptional activity |
[72] |
| CHK1 | T505 | pro-apoptotic effect | [73] |