Table 2.
Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for birth outcomes and adjusted means of birth weight according to active maternal smoking status during pregnancy in 1565 mother-child pairs
| |
Low birth weight |
Preterm birth |
Small-for-gestational-age |
Adjusted mean of birth weight, g (95% CI)a |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal smoking | Rate (%) | OR (95% CI)a | Rate (%) | OR (95% CI)b | Rate (%) | OR (95% CI)a | |
| None (n = 1427) |
7.4 |
1.00 |
3.5 |
1.00 |
7.6 |
1.00 |
3010.7 (2994.0 − 3027.4) |
| First trimester only (n = 71) |
7.0 |
0.52 (0.12 − 1.65) |
8.5 |
2.51 (0.90 − 5.98) |
4.2 |
0.53 (0.13 − 1.49) |
3027.9 (2951.4 − 3104.3) |
| Second and/or third trimesters but not throughout (n = 28) |
21.4 |
2.75 (0.71 − 8.89) |
10.7 |
3.14 (0.71 − 9.80) |
14.3 |
1.93 (0.55 − 5.27) |
2958.3 (2837.9 − 3078.7) |
| Throughout (n = 39) |
10.3 |
2.17 (0.48 − 7.14) |
7.7 |
2.06 (0.47 − 6.34) |
18.0 |
2.87 (1.11 − 6.56) |
2841.1 (2738.4 − 2943.8) |
| P for trend | 0.19 | 0.048 | 0.04 | 0.005 | |||
a Adjustment for maternal age; region of residence; number of children; family structure; maternal education; maternal employment; alcohol consumption during the preceding month; body mass index; gestational age; and baby’s gender.
b Adjustment for maternal age; region of residence; number of children; family structure; maternal education; maternal employment; alcohol consumption during the preceding month; body mass index; and baby’s gender.