Table 2.
Aetiology of fever associated with HIV and with sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in South India during July 2007 (n = 100)
|
Aetiology of fever |
Patients |
Sepsis |
HIV positive3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 100 | n = 9 | n = 6 | |
|
Bacteria |
|
|
|
| Tuberculosis |
19 |
|
|
| TB meningitis (n = 7) |
|
|
|
| TB other (n = 12) |
|
|
1 |
| Lower respiratory infection |
11 |
3 |
|
| Urinary tract infection |
10 |
31 |
|
| Scrub typhus |
5 |
|
|
| Typhoid fever |
4 |
|
|
| Endocarditis |
3 |
22 |
|
| Sepsis other |
1 |
1 |
|
| Spleen abscess |
2 |
|
|
| Bacterial peritonitis |
1 |
|
|
| Cholecystitis |
1 |
|
|
|
Parasites |
|
|
|
| Malaria |
5 |
|
|
| P. falciparum (n = 2) |
|
|
|
| P. falciparum + P. vivax (n = 3) |
|
|
|
| Amoebic liver abscess |
2 |
|
|
|
Fungi |
|
|
|
| Cryptococcal meningitis |
4 |
|
2 |
| Crypt. meningitis and TB (n = 2) |
|
|
1 |
|
Undefined |
|
|
|
| AUF |
8 |
|
1 |
| PUO |
5 |
|
|
|
Viral |
|
|
|
| HIV |
1 |
|
1 |
| Hepatitis B |
1 |
|
|
| Rubella |
1 |
|
|
|
Malignancy |
6 |
|
|
| LMD (n = 4) |
|
|
|
| Pulmonary (n = 1) |
|
|
|
| Leiomyosarcoma (n = 1) |
|
|
|
|
Non-infectious |
9 |
|
|
| SLE (n = 4) |
|
|
|
| Toxic epidermal necrolysis (n = 1) |
|
|
|
| Morbus Crohn (n = 1) |
|||
| SAPHO syndrome (n = 1) |
|||
| Arthritis (n = 1) |
|||
| Malignant neuroleptica syndrome (n = 1) |
Data are presented as number of patients (n). One patient did not receive a final diagnosis.
Abbreviations:LMD lymphoid malignant disorder, TB tuberculosis, UTI urinary tract infection, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, AUF acute undifferentiated fever, PUO pyrexia of unknown origin, SLE systemic lupus erythematosus; SAPHO synovitis/acne/pustulosis/hyperossosis/osteitis.
1Escherichia coli septicaemia.
2Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia.
3Six were reported as HIV positive; among these one had a negative HIV test recorded, one was not tested, and four were HIV antibody positive.