Table 1.
Comparison of characteristics between HDS users and non-users (n=421)
| Characteristics | HDS user (n=189) | Non user (n=232) | χ2 p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age |
|
|
0.334 |
| ≤ 60 |
62 (32.8%) |
66 (28.4%) |
|
| > 60 |
127 (67.2%) |
166 (71.6%) |
|
| Gender |
|
|
0.708 |
| Male |
89 (47.1%) |
105 (45.3%) |
|
| Female |
100 (52.9%) |
127 (54.7%) |
|
| Education |
|
|
0.862 |
| Less than secondary school |
104 (55.3%) |
130 (56.0%) |
|
| Secondary school |
27 (14.4%) |
40 (17.2%) |
|
| Vocational degree |
14 (7.4%) |
15 (6.5%) |
|
| Undergraduate degree |
34 (18.1%) |
35 (15.1%) |
|
| Higher than undergraduate degree |
9 (4.8%) |
12 (5.2%) |
|
| Address |
|
|
0.186 |
| Capital city |
60 (31.7%) |
88 (37.9%) |
|
| Rural areas |
129 (68.3%) |
144 (62.1%) |
|
| Smoking status |
|
|
0.812 |
| Never |
122 (64.6%) |
147 (63.4%) |
|
| Former |
59 (31.2%) |
72 (31.0%) |
|
| Current |
8 (4.2%) |
13 (5.6%) |
|
| Alcoholic consumption |
|
|
0.080 |
| Never |
119 (63.3%) |
121 (52.4%) |
|
| Former |
60 (31.9%) |
96 (41.5%) |
|
| Current |
9 (4.8%) |
14 (6.1%) |
|
| Stages of CKD |
|
|
0.936 |
| 3 |
133 (70.4%) |
164 (70.7%) |
|
| 4 |
49 (25.9%) |
58 (25.0%) |
|
| 5 |
7 (3.7%) |
10 (4.3%) |
|
| Medication adherence** |
|
0.015* |
|
| Low |
61 (32.3%) |
47 (20.2%) |
|
| Medium |
79 (41.8%) |
122 (52.6%) |
|
| High | 49 (25.9%) | 63 (27.2%) | |
* Statistically significant at p < 0.05; ** Medication adherence was measured using the Thai version of 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale; Low, medium and high adherence was defined as MMAS < 6, 6 < MMAS < 8, MMAS = 8, respectively.