. 2013 Sep 1;30(17):1476–1483. doi: 10.1089/neu.2012.2735

Table 1.

Patient Characteristics for the Group as a Whole and Dichotomized into Patients Who Reached at Least Partial Functional Independence and Patients Who Remained Functionally Dependent as well as into Patients Who Emerged from MCS and Patients Who Did Not at Discharge, Respectively

		Level of functioning		Level of consciousness
Factor	All patients	(GOS≥4)	(GOS<4)	(CRS=24)	(CRS<24)
n	188	31	157	70	118
Age	53±22	40±19^*	55±22	46±22^*	57±22
% Male	72	77	74	77	73
Cause of TBI
Falls	105	11^*	94	29^*	76
Traffic accidents	74	20^*	54	38^*	36
% VS^a	57	48	60	50^*	63
% infratentorial^b	50	52	52	54	50
% VP shunt	22	6^*	25	9^*	31
% craniectomy	42	19^*	48	30^*	51
LOS ICU^c range	32±36 6-322	22±9	33±38	25±15	36±43
LOS rehab.^d range	107±73 1-399	128±62^*	103±74	123±63^*	97±77
% Discharge
Home	28	42^*	28	43^*	21
Nursing facility	36	13^*	43	19^*	49
Other/ Died in rehab	36	45^*	29	38^*	30
FIM^e admission	18±1	18±1	18±1	18±1	18±1
FIM discharge	38±30	95±15^*	27±17	67±32^*	20±5
CRS^f admission	11±5	14±5^*	11±5	14±5^*	10±5
CRS discharge	18±7	24±0^*	17±7	24±0^*	14±6

^{^a}

Vegetative state (VS)at admission to neurorehabilitation; ^binfratentorial lesion; ^cLength of stay intensive care unit (days); ^dLength of stay neurorehabilitation (days); ^eFunctional Independence Measure (FIM); ^fGerman version of the Coma Remission Scale (CRS).

^{^*}

Significantly different from the corresponding group.

MCS, minimally conscious state; GOS, Glasgow Outcome Score; TBI, traumatic brain injury; VP, ventriculoperitoneal; LOS, length of stay; ICU, intensive care unit.