Table 3.
Study parameters, properties of the corresponding instruments and their measurement point(s)
| Content | Measurement point | Scale | Reference | Example item | Scale range | Cronbach’s alpha a | Items | Response options |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression |
Intake, T0, T1, T4 |
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) |
Zigmond & Snaith, 1983 [60] |
I have lost interest in my appearance. |
0-21 |
.81 |
7 |
various response format (0–3) |
| Anxiety |
Intake, T0, T1, T4 |
HADS |
Zigmond & Snaith, 1983 |
I feel tense or wound up. |
0-21 |
.83 |
7 |
various response format (0–3) |
| Positive affect |
T0, T1, T4 |
Positive subscale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) |
Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988 [67] |
Rate how you felt during the past week: e.g., attentive, interested. |
10-50 |
.92 |
10 |
very slightly or not at all (1) - very much (5) |
| Purpose in life |
T0, T1, T4 |
Purpose In Life scale (PIL) |
Ryff, 1989 [68]; Ryff & Keyes, 1995 [69] |
My daily activities often seem trivial and unimportant to me. |
6-30 |
.82 |
6 |
strongly disagree (1) -strongly agree (5) |
| Social participation |
T0, T1, T4 |
Family role, autonomy outdoors, social relations and work and education subscales of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA) questionnaire |
Cardol, De Haan, De Jong, Van den Bos, & De Groot, 2001 [70] |
Domain autonomy outdoors: The possibility to spend my (spare) time like I want to is… |
0-4 |
.76 |
25 |
very good (0) - very poor (4) |
| Pain |
T0, T1, T4 |
1 item with 100 mm visual analogue scale |
- |
Please indicate how much pain you had in the last 7 days due to your condition? |
0-100 |
- |
1 |
no pain at all (0) -unbearable pain (100) |
| Fatigue |
T0, T1, T4 |
1 item with 100 mm visual analogue scale |
- |
Please indicate your level of fatigue averaged over the past 7 days? |
0-100 |
- |
1 |
no fatigue (0) -completely exhausted (100) |
| Physical functioning |
T0, T1, T4 |
RAND-36 physical function subscale |
Ware & Sherbourne, 1992 [71]; Van der Zee & Sanderman, 2012 [72] |
Does your health limit you in these activities? If so, how much? E.g., Walking a half mile. |
10-30 |
- |
10 |
Yes, limited a lot (1) – No, not limited at all (3) |
| Goal maintenance |
T0, T1, T4 |
Tenacious Goal Pursuit (TGP) |
Brandtstädter & Renner, 1990 [73] |
When faced with difficulties, I usually double my efforts. |
15-75 |
.73 |
15 |
strongly disagree (1) -strongly agree (5) |
| Goal adjustment |
T0, T1, T4 |
Flexible Goal Adjustment Scale (FGA) |
Brandtstädter & Renner, 1990 |
I adapt quite easily to changes in plans or circumstances. |
15-75 |
.79 |
15 |
strongly disagree (1) -strongly agree (5) |
| Goal disengagement |
T0, T1, T4 |
Goal Adjustment Scale |
Wrosch, Scheier, Miller, et al., 2003 [42] |
If I have to stop pursuing an important goal in my life, it’s easy for me to reduce my effort towards a goal. |
4-20 |
.53 |
4 |
strongly disagree (1) -strongly agree (5) |
| Goal reengagement |
T0, T1, T4 |
Goal Adjustment Scale |
Wrosch, Scheier, Miller, et al., 2003 |
If I have to stop pursuing an important goal in my life, I seek other meaningful goals. |
6-30 |
.88 |
6 |
strongly disagree (1) -strongly agree (5) |
| Goal management strategies |
T0, T1, T4 |
Goal Management Strategy Vignettes (GMSV) |
|
See article’s text |
- |
- |
- |
Open ended |
| Coping versatility |
T0, T1, T4 |
Coping Flexibility Questionnaire (COFLEX) |
Vriezekolk, Van Lankveld, Eijsbouts, Van Helmond, Geenen, & Van den Ende, 2012 [51] |
I can easily change my approach if necessary. |
9-36 |
- |
9 |
rarely or never (1) –almost always (4) |
| Self-efficacy pain |
T0, T1, T4 |
Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale |
Lorig, et al., 1989 [30] |
I am certain that I can keep arthritis pain from interfering with my sleep. |
1-5 |
.83 |
5 |
strongly disagree (1) -strongly agree (5) |
| Self-efficacy for other symptoms |
T0, T1, T4 |
Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale |
Lorig, et al., 1989 |
I am certain that I can control my fatigue. |
1-5 |
.82 |
6 |
strongly disagree (1) -strongly agree (5) |
| Demographics |
T0 |
Sex, age, marital status, education and current state of employment |
- |
- |
- |
N.A. |
6 |
various response format |
| Disease characteristics |
T0 |
Diagnosis and disease duration |
- |
- |
- |
N.A. |
2 |
Various response format |
| Co-morbidities |
T0 |
Checklist with 15 categories of conditions b |
Based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10: WHO, 1992) |
- |
0-16 |
N.A. |
16 |
- |
| Medication use |
T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 |
- |
- |
See article’s text |
N.A. |
N.A. |
2 |
See text |
| Utilities |
T0, T1, T4 |
EQ-5D |
Brooks, 1996 [74]; Lamers, McDonnell, Stalmeier, Krabbe, & Busschbach, 2006 [75] |
I have no problems in walking about. |
1-3 |
- |
15 |
No problem (1) - extreme problems (3) |
| Direct medical costs |
T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 |
- |
- |
See article’s text |
N.A. |
N.A. |
3 |
Open ended |
| Indirect non-medical costs |
T0, T1, T2, T3, T4 |
- |
- |
See article’s text |
N.A. |
N.A. |
7 |
Open ended |
| Price estimate | T1 | - | - | See article’s text | N.A. | N.A. | 1 | In euros for de complete course |
a Arends et al., 2013; b Respondents could also indicate ‘other conditions not listed’.