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. 2004 Apr;72(4):1929–1938. doi: 10.1128/IAI.72.4.1929-1938.2004

FIG. 3.

FIG. 3.

IgM-mediated aggregation and biofilm formation of E. coli. (A) Agglutination of various E. coli (chromosomal mutants ORN225, ORN226, and ORN227; Table 1) in the presence or absence of human IgM. In contrast to results obtained with SIgA, aggregates greater than 6 μm in diameter were not formed by any of the E. coli in the presence of the IgM. (B) IgM-mediated biofilm formation by various E. coli (chromosomal mutants). All experiments were performed in duplicate, and the standard errors are shown.