Table 3.
Animal-level prevalence of Campylobacter fetus in bulls in three northern states of Nigeria by management system, age and breed, adjusted for sampling weights and test sensitivity and specificity
| Variable | n | % positive | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Management system |
|
|
|
| Zero-grazing |
68 |
17.6 |
12.6, 23.9 |
| Commercial |
31 |
24.7 |
9.9, 50.1 |
| Agro-pastoral |
347 |
13.5 |
8.4, 21.0 |
| Pastoral |
156 |
22.2 |
14.8, 32.0 |
| Age |
|
|
|
| <4 years |
23 |
8.8 |
1.6, 36.2 |
| 4-5 years |
339 |
13.6a |
10.4, 17.7 |
| 5-7 years |
200 |
18.7 |
12.1, 27.9 |
| >7 years |
30 |
33.4b |
16.6, 56.3 |
| Breed |
|
|
|
| Bunaji |
344 |
11.5c |
8.1, 16.1 |
| Gudali |
149 |
28.8d |
19.8, 39.9 |
| Bos taurus |
28 |
17.8 |
5.2, 46.7 |
| B. taurus × B. indicus |
31 |
18.1 |
3.5, 58.6 |
| Other B. indicus | 50 | 16.4 | 7.3, 32.9 |
ab,cdValues with different superscripts differ significantly (ab: P = 0.02; cd: P < 0.01).