Table 2.

Characteristics associated with pain and narcotic use⁺

Characteristic	No pain (N=850)	Any pain (N=436)	P	No narcotic (N=965)	Narcotic use (N=321)	P
Age	53.2±13.6	51.4±11.7	0.01*	52.1+13.8	54.1+10.4	0.008*
Non-white race	99 (12)	71 (16)	0.03*	123 (12)	47 (15)	0.52
Female gender	409 (48)	227 (52)	0.20	486 (50)	164 (51)	0.87
Married	465 (55)	194 (44)	0.0007*	493 (51)	166 (51)	0.90
BMI	28.7±6.3	29.4±6.5	0.08	28.7±6.1	29.7±7.0	0.03*
Cirrhosis			<0.0001*			<0.0001*
None	454 (53)	220 (50)		539 (56)	135 (42)
Child’s A	252 (30)	90 (21)		261 (27)	81 (25)
Child’s B	118 (14)	89 (20)		137 (14)	70 (22)
Child’s C	26 (3)	37 (8)		28 (3)	35 (11)
Nicotine exposure			0.0008*			0.001*
None	367 (43)	144 (33)		412 (43)	99 (31)
Past	235 (28)	132 (30)		263 (27)	104 (32)
Current	243 (29)	160 (37)		285 (30)	118 (37)
Alcohol use (more than social)	244 (29)	165 (38)	0.001*	279 (29)	130 (40)	0.0001*
Drug use	252 (30)	165 (38)	0.004*	292 (30)	125 (39)	0.005*
Etiology			0.0003*			0.0002*
AIH/PBC/PSC	121 (14)	34(8)		133 (14)	22 (7)
ALCOHOL	78 (9)	52 (12)		93 (10)	37 (12)
HCV±ALCOHOL	363 (43)	223 (51)		413 (43)	173 (54)
NAFLD	167 (20)	73 (17)		182 (18)	58 (18)
HBV	48 (6)	12 (3)		53 (5)	7 (2)
Other	73 (9)	42 (10)		91 (9)	24 (7)
Mood symptoms	142 (17)	140 (32)	<0.0001*	182 (19)	100 (31)	<0.0001*
Sleep symptoms	225 (26)	195 (45)	<0.0001*	286 (30)	134 (42)	<0.0001*
Emotional distress	59(7)	107 (25)	<0.0001*	104 (11)	62 (19)	<0.0001*
HCC	19 (2)	12 (3)	0.70	17 (2)	14 (4)	0.02*
Ascites			<0.0001*			<0.0001*
None	701 (82)	308 (71)		792 (82)	217 (68)
Past	116 (14)	70 (13)		54 (6)	33 (10)
Present	31 (4)	56 (16)		116 (12)	70 (22)
Encephalopathy			0.0003*			<0.0001*
None	729 (86)	334 (77)		831 (86)	232 (72)
Past	93 (11)	77 (18)		35 (4)	14 (4)
Present	26 (3)	23 (5)		96 (10)	74 (23)

⁺Categorical variables are reported as N(%), continuous are mean±sd

^*p value statistically significant (<0.05)