Significantly enhanced fluorescence emission from R6G molecules. Comparison of fluorescence spectra of R6G molecules measured in the normal direction on the PhC (solid lines) pumped on-resonance (blue) and off-resonance (red), as well as on a uniform unpatterned slab (dashed green line). *, blue line has been multiplied by a factor of 0.1 for the simplicity of comparison with others. By comparing the spectra, we obtain the excitation (), extraction , and total enhancement factors, which are compared with the theoretical predictions, as described in the main text. (Inset) FDTD calculation results of the band structure from which the incident angle (ϕ) for on-resonance coupling is determined , showing good agreement with experiments . a.u., arbitrary unit.