TABLE 4.
Comparison of Demographic and Brain Variables Between Patients With Late-Life Depression Who Achieved Remission and Those Who Did Not
| Measure | Completed Treatment (N=158a) |
Did Not Achieve Remission (N=94) |
Achieved Remission (N=64) |
Analysisb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic variables | ||||||||
| N | % | N | % | N | % | χ 2 | p | |
| Male | 68 | 43 | 41 | 44 | 27 | 42 | 0.03 | 0.86 |
| White | 145 | 92 | 87 | 93 | 58 | 91 | 0.19 | 0.67 |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t | p | |
| Age (years) | 68.09 | 7.56 | 68.74 | 7.99 | 67.13 | 6.81 | 1.33 | 0.19 |
| Education (years) | 14.37 | 3.04 | 14.26 | 2.88 | 14.55 | 3.28 | − 0.59 | 0.56 |
| Mini-Mental State Examination score |
27.80 | 1.96 | 27.60 | 1.97 | 28.08 | 1.93 | − 1.48 | 0.14 |
| Framingham vascular risk factor score (no age) |
7.36 | 3.66 | 7.69 | 3.66 | 6.88 | 3.63 | 1.38 | 0.17 |
| Age at illness onset | 53.10 | 17.14 | 53.43 | 17.68 | 52.62 | 16.44 | 0.28 | 0.78 |
| MRI volumesc and thicknesses | ||||||||
| Amygdala volume (mm3) | 3,252.5 | 498.8 | 3,208.9 | 470.0 | 3,316.5 | 535.7 | − 1.33 | 0.18 |
| Caudate volume (mm3) | 6,643.0 | 1,013.3 | 6,665.4 | 1,050.3 | 6,610.0 | 963.7 | 0.34 | 0.74 |
| Cortical gray matter volume (mm3) | 450,730.2 | 50,706.0 | 449,226.2 | 52,458.0 | 452,915.7 | 48,370.9 | − 0.45 | 0.66 |
| Hippocampus volume (mm3) | 8,086.5 | 1,066.8 | 7,942.3 | 1,075.7 | 8,298.2 | 1,025.3 | − 2.08 | 0.04 |
| Parahippocampus volume (mm3) | 3,351.4 | 516.1 | 3,329.0 | 467.0 | 3,384.3 | 583.1 | − 0.66 | 0.51 |
| Anterior cingulate gyrus thickness (mm) | 10.7 | 1.04 | 10.6 | 1.09 | 10.9 | 0.95 | − 1.52 | 0.13 |
| Frontal pole thickness (mm) | 5.6 | 0.66 | 5.5 | 0.66 | 5.8 | 0.65 | − 2.33 | 0.02 |
| Middle frontal gyrus thickness (mm) | 9.2 | 0.95 | 9.1 | 1.00 | 9.3 | 0.87 | − 1.09 | 0.28 |
| Orbitofrontal gyrus thickness (mm) | 10.0 | 0.97 | 9.9 | 1.05 | 10.1 | 0.82 | − 1.69 | 0.09 |
| Superior frontal gyrus thickness (mm) | 5.1 | 0.52 | 5.0 | 0.56 | 5.1 | 0.45 | −1.11 | 0.27 |
a
Ten patients did not complete the full treatment trial.
b
For demographic variables, comparison of patients with and without remission on demographic variables, two-sided t test, alpha=0.05. For MRI volumes and thicknesses, comparison of patients with and without remission on brain region of interest, two-sided t test, alpha=0.05.
c
All volumes are bilateral.