Fig. 5.
Addition of adiponectin or leptin to spleen cells inhibits their production of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Either adiponectin (10 μg/ml) or leptin (30 ng/ml) were added to spleen cells. After 3 days, supernatants were collected and used to measure levels of the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ and the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Data shown are mean values ± SEM. Significance of differences between cytokine levels in supernatants of spleen cells in the presence versus absence of adiponectin or leptin is shown as: ✶ = p < 0.05; ✶✶ = p < 0.001.