Skip to main content
. 2013 Aug 26;4:106. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00106

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The complex interaction among endothelial cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. EC, endothelial cell; OB, osteoblast; BMSC, bone marrow stromal cell; OC, osteoclast; pre-OC, OC precursor; TEM, transendothelial migration; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; HSC, hematopoietic stem cell; SDF-1, stromal cell-derived growth factor-1; IL-, interleukin; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; CK-8, a chemokine; FKN, fractalkine; RANTES, regulated on activation of normal T cell expressed and secreted; MIP-1, macrophage inhibitory protein-1; Col, collagen; LM, laminin; FN, fibronectin; TSP, thrombospondin; GAGs, glycosaminoglycans; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; FGFs, fibroblast growth factors; OPG, osteoprotegerin; BMPs, bone morphogenetic proteins; TGF, transforming growth factor; M-CSF, macrophage-colony stimulating factor; G-CSF, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; GM-CSF, granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor; Ang II, angiotensin-II; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; ROS, reactive oxygen species; ET-1, endothelin-1; SHH, Sonic Hedgehog; OCN, osteocalcin; OPN, osteopontin; ON, osteonectin; MGP, matrix Gla protein; BGP, bone Gla protein; BG, biglycan; IGFs, insulin-like growth factors; BLC, B-lymphocyte chemoattractant; TECK, thymus-expressed chemokine; ECF-L, eosinophil chemotactic factor-L.