Table 2.
Clinical features of suspected WNV cases by laboratory diagnosis
| Clinical feature* | Number (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laboratory-positive dengue (N = 115) | Laboratory-negative cases (N = 32) | Laboratory-indeterminate cases (N = 86) | Undifferentiated cases (N = 27) | |||||
| Headache | 95 | 82.6 | 24 | 75.0 | 76 | 88.4 | 20 | 74.1 |
| Body ache†‡ | 92 | 80.0 | 28 | 87.5 | 69 | 80.2 | 15 | 55.5 |
| Joint pain | 76 | 66.1 | 21 | 65.6 | 60 | 69.8 | 16 | 59.3 |
| Eye pain§ | 71 | 61.7 | 15 | 46.9 | 49 | 56.9 | 12 | 44.4 |
| Rash†‡ | 46 | 40.0 | 7 | 21.9 | 25 | 29.1 | 15 | 55.5 |
| Hemorrhage¶ | 43 | 37.4 | 12 | 37.5 | 17 | 19.8 | 10 | 37.0 |
| Diarrhea | 32 | 27.8 | 11 | 34.4 | 25 | 29.1 | 11 | 40.7 |
| Cough | 24 | 20.9 | 9 | 28.1 | 30 | 34.9 | 7 | 25.9 |
| Conjunctivitis | 1 | 0.9 | 1 | 3.1 | 2 | 2.3 | 1 | 3.7 |
| Convulsions | 1 | 0.9 | 1 | 3.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Met WHO criteria | ||||||||
| DF | 94 | 43.7 | 21 | 9.9 | 67 | 31.5 | 20 | 9.4 |
| DHF | 1 | 1.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Hospitalized | 52 | 46.0 | 12 | 37.5 | 18 | 21.0 | 16 | 59.3 |
DF = dengue fever; DHF = dengue hemorrhagic fever; WHO = World Health Organization.
Fever was a requirement to enter the study. There were no cases of encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, or acute paralysis reported.
Statistically significant difference between laboratory-positive dengue cases and undifferentiated cases (χ2 test, P < 0.01).
Statistically significant difference between laboratory-negative dengue cases and undifferentiated cases (χ2 test, P < 0.01).
Statistically significant difference between laboratory-positive and -negative dengue cases (χ2 test, P < 0.01).
Hemorrhage included petechiae, ecchymosis, hematemesis, hematochezia, epistaxis, bleeding gums, hematuria, or vaginal bleeding.