Table 2.
Univariate and multivariable analysis of factors associated with asymptomatic Plasmodium infection among the 740 primary schoolchildren in Tororo, Uganda*
| Variables | n/N with Plasmodium infection | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 117/346 | ||||
| Female | 106/394 | 0.72 (0.53–0.99) | 0.032 | 0.70 (0.50–0.98) | 0.040 |
| Age group (years) | |||||
| 6–10 | 175/448 | ||||
| 11–14 | 48/292 | 0.31 (0.21–0.44) | < 0.001 | 0.29 (0.20–0.43) | < 0.001 |
| WAZ (z-scores) | |||||
| Not wasted | 182/635 | ||||
| Wasted | 41/105 | 1.59 (1.04–2.45) | 0.033 | 1.61 (1.02–2.53) | 0.040 |
| Bed-net use in last 24 hours | |||||
| No | 139/478 | ||||
| Yes | 84/262 | 1.15 (0.83–1.59) | 0.398 | 0.99 (0.71–1.41) | 0.987 |
| Helminth infection | |||||
| None | 204/684 | ||||
| Ascaris lumbricoides | 11/38 | 0.95 (0.47–1.96) | 0.908 | ||
| Hookworms | 6/15 | 1.56 (0.55–4.46) | 0.399 | ||
| Trichuris trichiura | 2/3 | 4.70 (0.42–52.1) | 0.207 | ||
| Anemia | |||||
| No | 132/420 | ||||
| Yes | 91/320 | 0.86 (0.63–1.19) | 0.380 | 0.89 (0.64–1.25) | 0.498 |
| Distance to HF | |||||
| ≤ 500 m | 21/74 | ||||
| > 500 m | 202/666 | 1.09 (0.64–1.87) | 0.729 | ||
| Socioeconomic group | |||||
| Poorest | 63/196 | ||||
| Poor | 66/241 | 0.79 (0.52–1.20) | 0.279 | 0.85 (0.55–1.31) | 0.457 |
| Less poor | 32/120 | 0.77 (0.46–1.27) | 0.303 | 0.80 (0.48–1.36) | 0.418 |
| Least poor | 62/183 | 1.08 (0.70–1.66) | 0.719 | 1.23 (0.79–1.94) | 0.347 |
| Maternal education | |||||
| None | 21/71 | ||||
| Primary | 187/622 | 1.02 (0.59–1.75) | 0.932 | ||
| Above primary | 15/47 | 1.12 (0.50–2.48) | 0.787 | ||
*
CI = confidence interval; WAZ = weight for age z-score; HF = health facility.