Table 3.
Results of linear mixed models analyses.
| Cognitive test | Mean Z-score (SE) |
Effects |
Fit statistics | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Endpoint | F (df) | p-value | |||||
| CVLT total learning | HC | .11 (.31) | .47 (.37) | Group | 6.2 (3,70) | .001 | −2LL | 396.3 |
| Off/Off | −.58 (.25) | −.19 (.22) | Visit | 3.2 (1,61) | .079 | AIC | 408.3 | |
| Off/AD | −.56 (.34) | .43 (.29) | Group×Visit | 2.9 (3,59) | .040 | BIC | 425.0 | |
| Off/AP | −1.11 (.39) | −1.71 (.33) | Contrasts: AD>AP | |||||
| CPT 4-digit D’ | HC | .17 (.21) | .55 (.22) | Group | 1.2 (3,65) | .29 | −2LL | 331.7 |
| Off/Off | −.37 (.19) | .28 (.20) | Visit | 14.1 (1,60) | <.001 | AIC | 343.7 | |
| Off/AD | −.48 (.24) | .22 (.25) | Group×Visit | 3.8 (3,59) | .014 | BIC | 360.6 | |
| Off/AP | −.01 (.29) | −.22 (.20) | Contrasts: AD, OFF>AP | |||||
| CPT shapes | HC | .05 (.23) | .72 (.26) | Group | 1.1 (3,56) | .375 | −2LL | 307.5 |
| Off/Off | .44 (.19) | .98 (.21) | Visit | 14.1 (1,50) | <.001 | AIC | 319.5 | |
| Off/AD | .02 (.25) | .40 (.26) | Group×Visit | 0.7 (3,50) | .531 | BIC | 335.8 | |
| Off/AP | .28 (.29) | .37 (.31) | ||||||
| COWAT | HC | −.37 (.24) | −.06 (.29) | Group | 0.9 (3,52) | .403 | −2LL | 398.7 |
| Off/Off | −.45 (.23) | −.10 (.24) | Visit | 1.7 (1,60) | .196 | AIC | 410.7 | |
| Off/AD | −.14 (.29) | .11 (.31) | Group×Visit | 0.7 (3,59) | .514 | BIC | 427.9 | |
| Off/AP | −.62 (.34) | −.72 (.38) | ||||||
| LNS | HC | −.37 (.27) | .47 (.29) | Group | 0.6 (3,61) | .600 | −2LL | 349.0 |
| Off/Off | −.46 (.21) | −.17 (.20) | Visit | 12.8 (1,58) | .001 | AIC | 361.0 | |
| Off/AD | −.38 (.29) | −.17 (.27) | Group×Visit | 1.5 (3,58) | .232 | BIC | 377.8 | |
| Off/AP | −.59 (.33) | −.26 (.31) | ||||||
| Trails A | HC | −.18 (.26) | .43 (.17) | Group | 1.7 (3,88) | .17 | −2LL | 384.5 |
| Off/Off | −.06 (.23) | .16 (.17) | Visit | 12.9 (1,69) | .001 | AIC | 396.5 | |
| Off/AD | −.67 (.29) | −.09 (.19) | Group×Visit | 0.6 (3,69) | .574 | BIC | 413.8 | |
| Off/AP | −.65 (.37) | −.12 (.26) | ||||||
| Trails B | HC | .10 (.27) | .25 (.19) | Group | 1.6 (3,59) | .18 | −2LL | 361.2 |
| Off/Off | −.37 (.22) | −.25 (.16) | Visit | 3.9 (1,62) | .051 | AIC | 373.2 | |
| Off/AD | −.55 (.29) | −.21 (.20) | Group×Visit | 0.2 (3,62) | .846 | BIC | 390.4 | |
| Off/AP | −.61 (.36) | −.23 (.25) | ||||||
Note: Z-scores are calculated from an age- and demographically-matched sample (N=80) of healthy subjects recruited locally.
CVLT=California Verbal Learning Test; HC=Healthy Control; AD=Antidepressant; AP=Second-Generation Antipsychotic; CPT=Continuous Performance Test—Identical Pairs version; COWAT=Controlled Oral Word Association Test; LNS=Letter–Number Span;−2LL=−2 Restricted Log Likelihood; AIC=Akaike Information Criteria; BIC=Schwarz’s Bayesian Criterion.