. 2013 Aug 5;72:10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21402. doi: 10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21402

Table III.

Health system comparisons and outcomes

Country	Health system	Health expenditure per capita per annum (USD)	Life expectancy
Greenland	Universal healthcare	$ 3,530 (2008)	68 years (2008/WHO)
Alaska	Federal Indian Health Service complemented by public and private insurance	$ 6,450 (2004)^*	69.4 years (Alaskan Natives/2000 Census)
Alaska		National $4,671	69.4 years (Alaskan Natives/2000 Census)
Canada^**	Universal healthcare complemented by limited private funding	Northwest Territories $ 8,923 (CAD – 2005–2009)	Inuvialuit: 70.3 years^**
		Nunavut $ 11,801 (CAD – 2005–2009)	Nunavut: 68.2 years^***
		National $ 4,915 (CAD – 2005–2009)	All Inuit regions: 66.9 years^**
		National $ 4,915 (CAD – 2005–2009)	National: 79.5 years^***
Russia	Free medical care funded through insurance, OOP and personal payments	National $ 866 (2008)	National: 61 years (2008)
Russia		National $ 866 (2008)	Inuit: 58.6 (00–04)

This is state-wide expenditure and not divided into the per capita amount spent by HIS.

^**

The 2005–2009 data have been used instead of the more recent data published by the Canadian Institute of Health Information in 2011 and referenced elsewhere in this document. The preference for the 2005–2009 figures in this table is to provide a closer comparison with the latest figures available for the other 3 countries.

^***

Life expectancy for Inuit and non-Inuit living in Canadian Inuit communities, 2001; ITK Inuit Statistical Profile, 2008; http://www.itk.ca/sites/default/files/InuitStatisticalProfile2008_0.pdf.