Table 1.

Contribution of ERK1/2, Akt, PLCγ to proliferation and neuronal differentiation of stem/progenitor cells.

Stem or progenitor cell origin	Proliferation			Neuronal differentiation			Publications
	MEK/ERK1/2	PI3K/Akt	PLCγ	MEK/ERK1/2	PI3K/Akt	PLCγ
Embryonic stem cells (human)	No	Yes	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d	Li et al., 2007
Embryonic stem cells (mouse)	n/d	n/d	n/d	Yes	n/d	n/d	Li et al., 2006
E12.5 – E13.5 cortical progenitors (mouse)	No	Yes	n/d	Yes	n/d	n/d	Barnabe-Heider and Miller, 2003
Adult hippocampal neural progenitor cells (rat)	No	Yes	n/d	n/d	Inhibitory	n/d	Peltier et al., 2007
Adult hippocampal neural progenitor cells (rat)	Yes	n/d	n/d	Inhibitory	n/d	Yes	Ma et al., 2009
Adult SVZ neurospheres (mouse)	n/d	Yes	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d	Torroglosa et al., 2007
Adult SVZ neurospheres (mouse)	Yes	Yes	n/d	n/d	n/d	n/d	Lao et al., 2013
Adult spinal cord progenitor cells (rat)	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Present study

No: activation of the pathway is not involved.

Yes: activation of the pathway is involved.

Inhibitory: activation of the pathway is inhibitory.

n/d: not determined in the study.