Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of study subjectsa
| Characteristic | Active CD (n = 32) | Nonactive CD (n = 17) | Control (n = 8) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) age (yr) | 5.1 (3.2) | 5.9 (1.2) | 6.9 (4.2) |
| No. (%) of study subjects | |||
| Sex (M/F) | 14 (43.7)/18 (56.3) | 8 (47.1)/9 (52.9) | 4 (50)/4 (50) |
| Symptoms | |||
| Abdominal pain | 5 (15.6) | 0 (0) | 2 (25) |
| Diarrhea | 3 (9.4) | 0 (0) | 5 (62.5) |
| Weight loss | 5 (15.6) | 3 (17.6) | 1 (12.5) |
| Anemia | 9 (28.1) | 2 (11.8) | 0 (0) |
| Iron deficiency | 17 (53.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Presence of antigliadin antibodies (AGA+) | 32 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Presence of antitransglutaminase antibodies (tTG+) | 32 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Duodenal biopsyb | |||
| M0-1 | 0 (0) | 17 (100) | 8 (100) |
| M3 | 32 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| HLA type DQ2 and DQ8 | 32 (100) | 17 (100) | NAc |
Data are expressed as absolute numbers (percentages related to the total numbers) for all characteristics except age, which is expressed as the mean (standard deviation). M, male; F, female.
Modified Marsh classification of CD (1): M0, normal mucosa; M0-1, infiltrative lesions, seen in patients on a gluten-free diet (suggesting that minimal amounts of gliadin are being ingested), patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, and family members of patients with CD; M2, hyperplastic type, occasionally seen in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis; M3, >40 intraepithelial lymphocytes per 100 enterocytes, crypts increased, and villi with atrophy (partial or complete villous atrophy), seen in cases of typical CD.
NA, not applicable.