Table 2.
Detection frequencies of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli (mean values) in samples from the housing environments of all investigated farms
| Source of ESBL/AmpC-positive samples (three samplings each) | % ESBL/AmpC-positive samples (total no.) for all farms/all samplings | Detection frequency for farma: |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | ||
| Pooled feces | 100 (20) | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | o++ | +++ |
| Litter | 95.2 (18) | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | −++ | +++ |
| Boot swabs | 90.4 (21) | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | −++ | −++ | +++ |
| Pooled dust | 71.4 (21) | +++ | +++ | +++ | −++ | +−+ | −++ | +−+ |
| Environmental swabs | 54.2 (83) | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | −−+ | +++ |
a
Each sign represents one sampling date; +, positive for ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli; −, negative for ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli; o, sample not taken.