Table 2.

Diagnostic PCR detection of bacterial endosymbionts from the Macrosteles leafhoppers

Species	Locality	Sample	No. of infected insects/total no. of insects examined (% detection rate)
			“Ca. Sulcia muelleri”	“Ca. Nasuia deltocephalinicola”	Wolbachia	Rickettsia	Novel Rickettsiaceae bacteriuma	Diplorickettsia	Burkholderia	Phytoplasma
Macrosteles striifrons	Mito, Ibaraki, Japanb	Adult female	15/15 (100)	15/15 (100)	0/15 (0.0)	15/15 (100)	11/15 (73.3)	0/15 (0.0)	0/15 (0.0)	0/15 (0.0)
		Adult male	6/6 (100)	6/6 (100)	0/6 (0.0)	6/6 (100)	5/6 (83.3)	0/6 (0.0)	0/6 (0.0)	0/6 (0.0)
	Gifu, Gifu, Japanc	Adult female	14/14 (100)	14/14 (100)	3/14 (21.4)	0/14 (0.0)	0/14 (0.0)	0/14 (0.0)	3/14 (21.4)	0/14 (0.0)
		Adult male	4/4 (100)	4/4 (100)	1/4 (25.0)	0/4 (0.0)	0/4 (0.0)	0/4 (0.0)	0/4 (0.0)	1/4 (25.0)
	Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japanc	Adult female	17/17 (100)	17/17 (100)	0/17 (0.0)	0/17 (0.0)	0/17 (0.0)	0/17 (0.0)	5/17 (29.4)	5/17 (29.4)
		Adult male	8/8 (100)	8/8 (100)	0/8 (0.0)	0/8 (0.0)	0/8 (0.0)	0/8 (0.0)	0/8 (0.0)	5/8 (62.5)
	Osaka, Osaka, Japanc	Adult female	1/1 (100)	1/1 (100)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)
		Adult male	3/3 (100)	3/3 (100)	1/3 (33.3)	0/3 (0.0)	0/3 (0.0)	0/3 (0.0)	0/3 (0.0)	0/3 (0.0)
		Total	68/68 (100)	68/68 (100)	5/68 (7.4)	21/68 (30.9)	16/68 (23.5)	0/68 (0.0)	8/68 (11.8)	11/68 (16.2)
Macrosteles sexnotatus	Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japanc	Adult female	4/4 (100)	4/4 (100)	1/4 (25.0)	0/4 (0.0)	0/4 (0.0)	1/4 (25.0)	0/4 (0.0)	3/4 (75.0)
		Adult male	1/1 (100)	1/1 (100)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)	0/1 (0.0)
		Total	5/5 (100)	5/5 (100)	1/5 (20.0)	0/5 (0.0)	0/5 (0.0)	1/5 (20.0)	0/5 (0)	3/5 (60.0)
		Grand total	73/73 (100)	73/73 (100)	6/73 (8.2)	21/73 (28.8)	16/73 (21.9)	1/73 (1.4)	8/73 (11.0)	14/73 (19.2)

^aNovel Rickettsiaceae endosymbiont.

^bLaboratory-maintained insect strain.

^cField-collected insect samples.